CVE-2024-41630 in AC18
Summary
by MITRE • 07/31/2024
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Tenda AC18 V15.03.3.10_EN allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the ssid parameter at ip/goform/fast_setting_wifi_set.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/22/2024
This vulnerability represents a critical stack-based buffer overflow in the Tenda AC18 wireless router firmware version V15.03.3.10_EN, specifically within the web interface handling of the ssid parameter. The flaw exists in the ip/goform/fast_setting_wifi_set endpoint which processes user input without adequate bounds checking, creating an exploitable condition where attacker-controlled data can overwrite adjacent memory locations on the stack. The vulnerability stems from improper input validation in the firmware's web server component, allowing an attacker to craft malicious requests that exceed the allocated buffer space. This type of vulnerability falls under CWE-121 stack-based buffer overflow which is classified as a high-risk security flaw due to its potential for arbitrary code execution. The attack vector is remote and requires no authentication, making it particularly dangerous as it can be exploited from any network location without prior access to the device. The buffer overflow occurs when the ssid parameter value exceeds the predetermined buffer size, causing memory corruption that can be leveraged to overwrite return addresses and function pointers on the stack.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution, as it enables full system compromise of the affected router. An attacker who successfully exploits this vulnerability can gain complete control over the device, potentially leading to man-in-the-middle attacks, DNS hijacking, traffic interception, or the installation of persistent backdoors. The compromised router can then be used as a pivot point for attacking other devices on the local network, or as a command and control node in larger attack campaigns. This vulnerability directly maps to attack techniques described in the MITRE ATT&CK framework under T1059 for command and control communication and T1071 for application layer protocol usage. The affected firmware version represents a common pattern in consumer networking equipment where security considerations are often secondary to functionality and time-to-market pressures, leaving devices vulnerable to well-known exploitation techniques.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability require immediate firmware updates from Tenda to address the buffer overflow in the web interface processing. Network administrators should implement network segmentation and monitor for unusual traffic patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. The use of network access control lists and firewall rules can help limit access to the affected web interface, though this does not address the underlying vulnerability. Organizations should also consider implementing intrusion detection systems capable of identifying malicious requests targeting the specific endpoint path mentioned in the vulnerability. Due to the remote nature of the attack and the lack of authentication requirements, the most effective long-term solution is the deployment of firmware updates that include proper input validation and bounds checking for all user-supplied parameters. Security researchers recommend that all devices running vulnerable firmware versions be taken offline until patches are applied, as the vulnerability can be exploited by automated scanning tools that continuously probe internet-connected devices for such weaknesses. The vulnerability also highlights the importance of secure coding practices and the need for regular security assessments of embedded systems, particularly those handling user input through web interfaces.