CVE-2024-54525 in iOS
Summary
by MITRE • 03/17/2025
A logic issue was addressed with improved file handling. This issue is fixed in visionOS 2.2, watchOS 11.2, tvOS 18.2, macOS Sequoia 15.2, iOS 18.2 and iPadOS 18.2. Restoring a maliciously crafted backup file may lead to modification of protected system files.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/31/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2024-54525 represents a critical logic flaw in Apple's operating system file handling mechanisms that could enable unauthorized system file modification through malicious backup restoration processes. This issue affects multiple Apple platforms including visionOS, watchOS, tvOS, macOS Sequoia, and iOS operating systems, indicating a widespread concern within Apple's ecosystem that requires immediate attention from system administrators and security professionals. The vulnerability stems from insufficient validation mechanisms during backup restoration procedures, creating a pathway for malicious actors to exploit the system's file handling logic and potentially compromise system integrity.
The technical nature of this flaw lies in the improper validation of backup file contents during the restoration process, where the system fails to adequately verify the authenticity and safety of restored files before applying them to protected system locations. This logic error creates a privilege escalation vector that allows attackers to modify system-critical files that should normally be protected from unauthorized modification. The vulnerability specifically impacts the backup restoration functionality, where maliciously crafted backup files can bypass normal security checks and directly alter protected system components. This represents a fundamental breakdown in Apple's security model, as the restoration process is typically considered a trusted operation that should not be able to compromise system integrity. The issue is classified under CWE-250, which deals with execution of unintended code or commands, as the malicious backup file can execute code or modify system components beyond normal operational boundaries.
The operational impact of CVE-2024-54525 extends beyond simple data corruption or unauthorized access, as successful exploitation could lead to complete system compromise and persistent backdoor access. Attackers could potentially restore backup files containing malicious payloads that modify core system components, effectively creating a persistent threat that survives system reboots and normal security measures. This vulnerability could be exploited through various attack vectors including phishing campaigns targeting users to restore malicious backups, or through supply chain attacks where backup files are compromised before distribution. The potential for privilege escalation and system file modification creates a significant risk to enterprise environments where backup restoration is a routine operational procedure. Organizations that maintain regular backup and restore processes, particularly those involving third-party backup solutions or cloud-based restoration services, face heightened risk from this vulnerability.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2024-54525 should prioritize immediate deployment of the patched operating system versions mentioned in the advisory, specifically targeting visionOS 2.2, watchOS 11.2, tvOS 18.2, macOS Sequoia 15.2, iOS 18.2, and iPadOS 18.2 releases. System administrators should implement strict backup file validation procedures, including digital signature verification and integrity checks before any restoration operations are performed. Organizations should also consider implementing network-based controls to monitor and restrict backup file transfers, particularly those originating from untrusted sources. The remediation process should include comprehensive testing of backup restoration procedures to ensure that patched systems properly validate file contents and reject malicious payloads. Security teams should also conduct thorough audits of existing backup repositories to identify and isolate any potentially compromised backup files that may have been restored prior to patch deployment. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1566, which covers the use of malicious backup files for initial access or privilege escalation, and T1059, which covers the execution of malicious code through system restoration processes, making it a significant concern for organizations implementing comprehensive security frameworks.