CVE-2025-21484 in Snapdragon Auto
Summary
by MITRE • 09/24/2025
Information disclosure when UE receives the RTP packet from the network, while decoding and reassembling the fragments from RTP packet.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/24/2025
This vulnerability represents a critical information disclosure flaw that occurs during the real-time transport protocol processing within user equipment systems. The issue manifests when mobile devices or other network endpoints receive and process RTP packets containing fragmented data streams, specifically during the decoding and reassembly phases of the packet handling process. The vulnerability stems from improper memory management or buffer handling during the reconstruction of fragmented RTP data, potentially exposing sensitive information through memory leaks, buffer overflows, or unintended data exposure during packet processing operations.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves the interaction between network protocol handling and memory management within the user equipment's media processing stack. When RTP packets arrive with fragmented content, the receiving system must properly decode and reassemble these fragments into coherent data streams for further processing or display. The flaw occurs during this reassembly process where insufficient validation or proper memory boundary checks allow for information leakage. This type of vulnerability typically falls under the CWE category of information exposure through improper handling of fragmented data, specifically CWE-200 for exposure of sensitive information and potentially CWE-129 for improper validation of buffer sizes.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends across multiple network domains including mobile communications, VoIP systems, and multimedia streaming services. Attackers could potentially exploit this weakness to extract sensitive data such as user credentials, session information, private communications, or system configuration details. The vulnerability affects any system that processes RTP traffic and handles fragmented packet reassembly, making it particularly concerning for mobile network infrastructure, enterprise communication systems, and cloud-based media services. The attack surface is broad as RTP is widely used in telephony, video conferencing, and multimedia applications across various industries.
Security professionals should implement immediate mitigations including enhanced input validation for RTP packet processing, proper memory boundary checking during reassembly operations, and regular firmware updates for affected devices. Network monitoring should focus on unusual patterns in RTP traffic that might indicate exploitation attempts. The vulnerability aligns with several ATT&CK techniques including T1071.004 for application layer protocol traffic, T1566 for phishing with malicious attachments, and potentially T1005 for data from local system. Organizations should consider implementing network segmentation, traffic filtering, and enhanced logging around RTP processing components to detect and prevent exploitation attempts. Regular security assessments of media processing systems and network equipment should include testing for proper handling of fragmented packet data to identify similar vulnerabilities in related systems.