CVE-2025-2370 in EX1800T
Summary
by MITRE • 03/17/2025
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK EX1800T up to 9.1.0cu.2112_B20220316. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function setWiFiExtenderConfig of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument apcliSsid leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/08/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-2370 represents a critical stack-based buffer overflow flaw in the TOTOLINK EX1800T router firmware version 9.1.0cu.2112_B20220316 and earlier. This vulnerability resides within the web interface component of the device, specifically in the setWiFiExtenderConfig function of the /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi file. The flaw manifests when processing the apcliSsid argument, which is used to configure wireless extender settings. The buffer overflow occurs because the application fails to properly validate or limit the length of input data passed to the apcliSsid parameter, creating an exploitable condition that can be triggered through remote web interface access.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability aligns with CWE-121 stack-based buffer overflow, where insufficient bounds checking allows an attacker to overwrite adjacent memory locations on the stack. This type of vulnerability falls under the ATT&CK technique T1210 - Exploitation of Remote Services, as it enables remote code execution through the web administration interface. The attack vector requires no authentication for exploitation, making it particularly dangerous as it can be leveraged by adversaries without prior access credentials. The public disclosure of the exploit increases the risk profile significantly, as malicious actors can readily implement the attack without requiring advanced technical knowledge or development time.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple remote code execution, as it provides attackers with complete control over the affected router. This compromised device can then be used as a pivot point for network reconnaissance and lateral movement within the local network, potentially enabling attackers to access connected devices, intercept network traffic, or establish persistent backdoors. The vulnerability affects the router's wireless functionality and could be exploited to disrupt network services, modify wireless configurations, or create unauthorized access points. Additionally, the compromised device may be used to launch further attacks against other networked systems or to serve as a command and control node in larger attack campaigns.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-2370 should prioritize immediate firmware updates from TOTOLINK, as this is the most effective protection against the identified vulnerability. Network administrators should implement network segmentation and access controls to limit the potential impact of a successful exploitation, particularly by isolating critical network segments from less secure areas. Monitoring for unusual network behavior or unauthorized configuration changes can help detect exploitation attempts, though this approach is reactive rather than preventive. Additional defensive measures include disabling unnecessary wireless services, implementing network access control lists, and ensuring that default credentials are changed immediately upon device deployment. Security teams should also consider conducting vulnerability assessments on all TOTOLINK devices within their network infrastructure and establishing incident response procedures to address potential exploitation events.