CVE-2025-25388 in Land Record System
Summary
by MITRE • 02/13/2025
A SQL Injection vulnerability was found in /admin/edit-propertytype.php in PHPGurukul Land Record System v1.0, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via the editid GET request parameter.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/30/2025
The CVE-2025-25388 vulnerability represents a critical SQL injection flaw within the PHPGurukul Land Record System version 1.0, specifically targeting the administrative component at /admin/edit-propertytype.php. This vulnerability arises from insufficient input validation and sanitization of the editid GET request parameter, creating an exploitable entry point for malicious actors to manipulate the underlying database queries. The flaw exists in the application's handling of user-supplied data within the administrative interface, where the editid parameter is directly incorporated into SQL query construction without proper escaping or parameterization mechanisms. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-89 as SQL Injection, a well-documented weakness that has been consistently ranked among the top ten web application security risks by OWASP, making it particularly dangerous in environments where administrative access can lead to complete system compromise. The attack vector is particularly concerning as it allows remote code execution through database manipulation, potentially enabling attackers to escalate privileges and gain unauthorized access to sensitive land record data.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability requires minimal prerequisites and can be achieved through standard SQL injection techniques. An attacker can manipulate the editid parameter in the URL to inject malicious SQL payloads that bypass authentication mechanisms and directly influence database operations. The vulnerability's impact extends beyond simple data theft as it can enable attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the database server, potentially leading to complete system compromise. This represents a significant operational risk for land record management systems that handle sensitive property information, as the attack can be performed remotely without requiring authentication credentials. The vulnerability's presence in the administrative interface amplifies its danger, as successful exploitation could allow attackers to modify property records, delete critical data, or even gain access to other system components. The flaw demonstrates poor input validation practices and violates fundamental security principles of least privilege and input sanitization, creating a persistent threat that can be exploited repeatedly until properly patched.
Organizations utilizing the PHPGurukul Land Record System must implement immediate mitigations to protect against this vulnerability. The primary remediation involves implementing proper parameterized queries or prepared statements for all database interactions, particularly in the administrative components where user input is processed. Input validation and sanitization should be enforced at multiple levels, including client-side and server-side controls, to prevent malicious payloads from reaching the database layer. The system should also implement proper access controls and authentication mechanisms to limit administrative access to authorized personnel only. Additionally, regular security audits and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities within the application codebase. Network segmentation and monitoring should be enhanced to detect anomalous database access patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. The vulnerability's classification under ATT&CK technique T1071.004 (Application Layer Protocol: DNS) and T1190 (Exploit Public-Facing Application) indicates that it should be prioritized in security response plans, as it represents a common attack vector that can be automated and scaled. Organizations should also consider implementing web application firewalls and database activity monitoring solutions to provide additional layers of protection against similar injection attacks. The vulnerability serves as a reminder of the critical importance of secure coding practices and the necessity of regular security updates in preventing exploitation of well-known attack patterns.