CVE-2025-25527 in RG-NBR2600S Gateway
Summary
by MITRE • 02/11/2025
Buffer overflow vulnerability in Ruijie RG-NBR2600S Gateway 10.3(4b12) due to the lack of length verification, which is related to the configuration of source address NAT rules. Attackers who successfully exploit this vulnerability can cause the remote target device to crash or execute arbitrary commands.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/30/2025
This buffer overflow vulnerability exists within the Ruijie RG-NBR2600S Gateway firmware version 10.3(4b12) and specifically affects the handling of source address NAT rules during configuration processes. The flaw stems from insufficient input validation and length verification mechanisms that fail to properly constrain the size of data entered into buffer structures. When an attacker crafts malicious input for NAT rule configuration parameters, the system does not validate the input length against predetermined buffer boundaries, creating an exploitable condition where excess data can overwrite adjacent memory locations. This vulnerability represents a classic type of software flaw that falls under CWE-121, which describes stack-based buffer overflow conditions where insufficient bounds checking allows attackers to overwrite stack data structures.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple device crashes, as successful exploitation can lead to arbitrary code execution on the affected gateway device. This represents a critical security risk for network infrastructure, as attackers could potentially gain unauthorized control over the routing and filtering capabilities of the device. The vulnerability's remote exploitation capability means that an attacker does not require physical access to the device, making it particularly dangerous in network environments where such gateways serve as primary security controls. The NAT rule configuration context suggests that this vulnerability could be exploited through network-based attacks targeting the device's management interfaces or configuration protocols, potentially allowing attackers to bypass network security controls and establish persistent access points within the network infrastructure.
From a threat modeling perspective, this vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for command and script interpreter execution, as successful exploitation could enable attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the compromised device. The attack surface is particularly concerning given that network gateways serve as critical infrastructure components that control traffic flow and security policies. The buffer overflow condition creates a potential for privilege escalation if the device processes the malformed input with elevated privileges, and could enable attackers to manipulate network traffic, redirect connections, or establish backdoor access points. Organizations relying on Ruijie RG-NBR2600S devices should consider this vulnerability as a high-priority risk that could compromise network integrity and availability.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should include immediate firmware updates from Ruijie to address the specific buffer overflow condition in the NAT rule processing module. Network administrators should implement network segmentation and access controls to limit exposure of the affected devices to untrusted networks, while also monitoring for anomalous configuration changes or network traffic patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. The implementation of input validation controls and length verification mechanisms within the device's configuration interfaces would provide additional protection against similar vulnerabilities in the future. Organizations should also consider network intrusion detection systems that can identify suspicious traffic patterns associated with buffer overflow exploitation attempts, and maintain comprehensive network monitoring to detect unauthorized configuration changes that might indicate successful compromise of the affected devices.