CVE-2025-2828 in langchain
Summary
by MITRE • 06/24/2025
A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability exists in the RequestsToolkit component of the langchain-community package (specifically, langchain_community.agent_toolkits.openapi.toolkit.RequestsToolkit) in langchain-ai/langchain version 0.0.27. This vulnerability occurs because the toolkit does not enforce restrictions on requests to remote internet addresses, allowing it to also access local addresses. As a result, an attacker could exploit this flaw to perform port scans, access local services, retrieve instance metadata from cloud environments (e.g., Azure, AWS), and interact with servers on the local network. This issue has been fixed in version 0.0.28.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/27/2025
The CVE-2025-2828 vulnerability represents a critical Server-Side Request Forgery flaw within the langchain-community package, specifically affecting the RequestsToolkit component used in the langchain-ai/langchain framework version 0.0.27. This vulnerability resides in the openapi.toolkit.RequestsToolkit module which is designed to facilitate API interactions but fails to implement proper network access controls. The flaw stems from insufficient validation of remote address requests, allowing the toolkit to make connections to both external internet addresses and internal local network resources without proper restrictions. This architectural oversight creates a pathway for malicious actors to leverage the toolkit's functionality for unauthorized network reconnaissance and data exfiltration activities. The vulnerability is particularly concerning as it enables attackers to bypass typical network segmentation controls that would normally prevent external access to internal systems.
The technical implementation of this SSRF vulnerability manifests when the RequestsToolkit processes API requests without validating or filtering the target addresses against a whitelist of allowed domains. This omission allows the toolkit to accept and process requests to localhost, private IP ranges, and other internal network addresses that should typically be restricted. The flaw operates at the network layer where the toolkit fails to implement proper address validation mechanisms, enabling it to make HTTP requests to any address specified in the API call parameters. According to CWE-918, this vulnerability falls under Server-Side Request Forgery, which is a well-documented class of vulnerabilities where attackers can manipulate the target of a server-side request to access internal resources. The vulnerability's impact extends beyond simple information disclosure as it can be leveraged for port scanning activities, service enumeration, and access to sensitive instance metadata from cloud platforms such as AWS and Azure.
The operational impact of CVE-2025-2828 is substantial and multifaceted, as it provides attackers with the capability to perform reconnaissance and exploitation activities within the network environment where the vulnerable application operates. Attackers can utilize this vulnerability to scan open ports on internal systems, access local services that are not exposed to the internet, and retrieve instance metadata that often contains sensitive credentials and configuration information. In cloud environments, this vulnerability can be particularly devastating as it allows attackers to access cloud instance metadata services that typically contain temporary credentials, instance identifiers, and other sensitive data that could be used for further compromise. The vulnerability also enables attackers to perform network mapping activities and identify potential targets for additional exploitation. From an ATT&CK framework perspective, this vulnerability maps to T1046 (Network Service Scanning) and T1566 (Phishing) as it provides the means for attackers to discover and exploit internal network services while potentially enabling further attack vectors through credential harvesting.
The remediation for CVE-2025-2828 requires updating the langchain-community package to version 0.0.28 or later, which includes proper address validation and restriction mechanisms within the RequestsToolkit component. Organizations should implement comprehensive patch management procedures to ensure all affected systems are updated promptly and verify that the updated version properly enforces network access controls. Additionally, security teams should conduct thorough assessments of all applications using the langchain-community package to identify potential exposure scenarios and implement additional monitoring for suspicious network activity. The fix implemented in version 0.0.28 should include proper input validation, address whitelisting mechanisms, and network access restriction policies that prevent the toolkit from making unauthorized requests to internal network addresses. Security controls should also be implemented at the network level to monitor and restrict outbound connections from applications that may be vulnerable to similar SSRF attacks, particularly in cloud environments where instance metadata services are accessible via specific network endpoints.