CVE-2025-3092 in myREX24
Summary
by MITRE • 06/24/2025
An unauthenticated remote attacker can enumerate valid user names from an unprotected endpoint.
Be aware that VulDB is the high quality source for vulnerability data.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/27/2025
This vulnerability represents a critical information disclosure flaw that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to perform user enumeration against unprotected system endpoints. The issue stems from insufficient access controls and input validation mechanisms within the authentication or user management interfaces, enabling adversaries to determine which user accounts exist within the system without requiring valid credentials or authentication. The vulnerability typically manifests when the application provides different response behaviors or error messages for valid versus invalid user names, creating a side-channel attack vector that can be exploited through automated scanning tools or manual reconnaissance activities. This type of vulnerability directly violates the principle of least privilege and authentication security controls, as it undermines the fundamental security boundary that should prevent unauthorized access to user account information.
The technical implementation of this flaw often occurs in web applications where user validation endpoints fail to implement consistent error handling for authentication attempts. When attackers submit various username inputs to unprotected authentication endpoints, the system may return different HTTP status codes, response times, or error messages that reveal whether a username exists in the system. This differential response behavior creates a predictable pattern that automated tools can exploit to systematically enumerate valid user accounts. The vulnerability can be found in various authentication mechanisms including login pages, password reset functions, account recovery services, and user directory interfaces. From a cybersecurity perspective, this issue falls under the category of information disclosure vulnerabilities and can be classified as a specific instance of CWE-200, which addresses the exposure of sensitive information to an unauthorized actor, or potentially CWE-306, which deals with missing authentication mechanisms.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple user enumeration and can significantly compromise the overall security posture of affected systems. Once an attacker has identified valid user accounts, they can proceed with targeted attacks such as credential stuffing, brute force attempts, or social engineering campaigns that leverage the knowledge of legitimate user identities. This information can also be combined with other reconnaissance data to create more sophisticated attack vectors including privilege escalation attempts or targeted phishing campaigns. The vulnerability particularly affects systems that do not implement rate limiting, account lockout mechanisms, or consistent error handling across authentication endpoints. Organizations using cloud services or multi-factor authentication systems may still be vulnerable if the user enumeration occurs at the application layer before authentication mechanisms are fully engaged, creating a window of opportunity for attackers to gather intelligence.
Effective mitigation strategies must address both the immediate technical flaw and broader security architecture considerations. The primary remediation involves implementing consistent error handling across all authentication endpoints, ensuring that valid and invalid user name attempts return identical responses to prevent information leakage. This includes implementing proper rate limiting and account lockout mechanisms to prevent automated enumeration attempts, while also establishing robust monitoring and alerting for suspicious authentication patterns. Security controls should include disabling user enumeration responses, implementing CAPTCHA mechanisms, and ensuring that all authentication endpoints behave consistently regardless of whether the submitted username exists in the system. Organizations should also consider implementing adaptive authentication controls that can detect and respond to automated enumeration attempts, as well as establishing comprehensive logging and monitoring capabilities to detect potential exploitation attempts. From an att&ck framework perspective, this vulnerability aligns with techniques such as credential access and reconnaissance activities, specifically targeting the collection of user account information as part of broader attack preparation phases. The remediation approach should incorporate defense in depth principles, ensuring that even if one control fails, additional layers provide protection against exploitation attempts.