CVE-2025-32002 in HDL-TC1
Summary
by MITRE • 05/15/2025
Improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command ('OS Command Injection') issue exists in I-O DATA network attached hard disk 'HDL-T Series' firmware Ver.1.21 and earlier when 'Remote Link3 function' is enabled. If exploited, a remote unauthenticated attacker may execute an arbitrary OS command.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/15/2025
The CVE-2025-32002 vulnerability represents a critical operating system command injection flaw within the I-O DATA HDL-T Series network attached storage devices running firmware version 1.21 or earlier. This vulnerability specifically manifests when the Remote Link3 function is enabled, creating an exploitable entry point for malicious actors to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system. The flaw stems from inadequate input validation and sanitization of user-supplied data that flows into operating system commands without proper neutralization of special characters that could alter command execution flow.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability aligns with CWE-77, which categorizes improper neutralization of special elements in OS commands as a fundamental weakness in command execution processes. Attackers can leverage this flaw by crafting malicious inputs that bypass normal input validation mechanisms, allowing them to inject OS commands that are subsequently executed with the privileges of the affected service. The Remote Link3 function serves as the attack vector where user-controllable parameters are directly incorporated into system commands without proper sanitization, creating a direct pathway for command injection attacks.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple unauthorized command execution, as it provides attackers with potential access to sensitive system resources and data. Remote unauthenticated exploitation means that adversaries do not require prior credentials or physical access to compromise the device, making it particularly dangerous in networked environments. Successful exploitation could enable attackers to escalate privileges, access stored data, modify system configurations, or even establish persistent backdoors within the network infrastructure. The vulnerability affects the core functionality of network attached storage systems, potentially compromising entire networked environments where these devices serve as data repositories.
Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including disabling the Remote Link3 function when not actively required, updating to firmware versions that address this vulnerability, and implementing network segmentation to limit access to these devices. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this vulnerability under T1059.001 for command and scripting interpreter and T1068 for exploit for privilege escalation. Network monitoring should focus on detecting unusual command execution patterns and unauthorized access attempts to these storage devices. Regular security assessments of network attached storage devices and mandatory firmware updates form essential defensive measures against this and similar command injection vulnerabilities that continue to plague networked storage solutions.