CVE-2025-37857 in Linux
Summary
by MITRE • 05/09/2025
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
scsi: st: Fix array overflow in st_setup()
Change the array size to follow parms size instead of a fixed value.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 11/13/2025
The vulnerability CVE-2025-37857 represents a critical array overflow condition within the Linux kernel's SCSI tape driver implementation. This flaw exists in the st_setup() function which handles the setup and configuration of SCSI tape devices. The issue stems from an improper array sizing mechanism that uses a fixed value rather than dynamically adjusting to match the actual parameter structure size. Such a mismatch creates a scenario where buffer boundaries are exceeded during data processing, potentially allowing malicious actors to overwrite adjacent memory locations. The vulnerability specifically affects systems utilizing SCSI tape storage devices and could be exploited through improper input handling during device initialization or configuration operations.
The technical implementation flaw manifests in the st_setup() function where hardcoded array dimensions fail to align with the dynamic parameter structures used by the SCSI tape subsystem. This misalignment creates a classic buffer overflow condition that can be triggered when the driver processes tape device parameters. The array overflow occurs because the code allocates memory based on a predetermined fixed size while the actual parameter data may exceed these boundaries. This type of vulnerability falls under CWE-121 which categorizes buffer overflow conditions where insufficient space is allocated for data storage, leading to memory corruption and potential code execution. The flaw demonstrates poor memory management practices and inadequate input validation within kernel space components.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple memory corruption as it presents a significant security risk to Linux systems utilizing SCSI tape devices. An attacker could potentially exploit this condition to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges, effectively compromising the entire system. The vulnerability affects systems where tape backup operations are performed, particularly in enterprise environments where tape storage solutions are prevalent. Attackers might leverage this flaw through maliciously crafted tape device parameters or by manipulating existing tape operations to trigger the buffer overflow. The exploitability of this vulnerability is heightened due to the kernel-level execution context, which provides attackers with direct access to system resources and potential privilege escalation capabilities.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-37857 should focus on immediate patch application from trusted sources, as the fix involves correcting the array sizing logic to dynamically match parameter structure sizes. System administrators must ensure all Linux kernel versions are updated to include the resolved st_setup() function implementation. Additional protective measures include implementing strict input validation for SCSI tape device parameters, monitoring system logs for unusual tape device activity, and maintaining network segmentation to limit potential attack vectors. The fix aligns with ATT&CK technique T1068 which involves exploiting vulnerabilities in system software to gain elevated privileges. Organizations should also consider implementing kernel module signing and integrity verification mechanisms to prevent unauthorized modifications to kernel components. Regular security audits of storage subsystems and proper access controls for tape device management should be enforced as part of comprehensive security posture maintenance.