CVE-2025-41367 in IDF
Summary
by MITRE • 06/06/2025
Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in IDF v0.10.0-0C03-03 and ZLF v0.10.0-0C03-04. This vulnerability allows an attacker to store malicious JavaScript payload in software that will run in the victim's browser. Exploiting this vulnerability requires authenticating to the device and executing certain commands that can only be executed with permissions higher than the view permission.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/06/2025
The stored cross-site scripting vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-41367 represents a critical security flaw affecting IDF version 0.10.0-0C03-03 and ZLF version 0.10.0-0C03-04. This vulnerability falls under the CWE-79 category, which specifically addresses cross-site scripting attacks where malicious scripts are stored on the server and executed when users access affected pages. The flaw enables attackers to inject persistent malicious JavaScript code into the application's data storage, creating a condition where the payload executes automatically in the victim's browser context without requiring additional user interaction beyond the initial access.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and output encoding mechanisms within the affected software components. When authenticated users with appropriate permissions submit data through the application's interface, the system fails to properly sanitize or escape the input before storing it in the database or application memory. This allows malicious payloads to be persisted and subsequently executed whenever other users view the affected content. The requirement for authentication and specific elevated permissions creates a layered attack vector where insiders or compromised accounts with sufficient privileges can exploit this weakness, making it particularly dangerous in environments where administrative access is compromised.
The operational impact of CVE-2025-41367 extends beyond simple script execution, as it can enable attackers to perform a wide range of malicious activities including session hijacking, credential theft, data exfiltration, and privilege escalation. The stored nature of the vulnerability means that once exploited, the malicious payload remains active until manually removed from the system, potentially affecting multiple users over extended periods. This persistent threat capability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1566.001 for initial access through spearphishing attachments and T1059.001 for command and scripting interpreter execution. The vulnerability's exploitation requires authentication, which suggests that the attack vector may involve compromised credentials or insider threats, making it particularly challenging to detect and prevent.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-41367 should focus on implementing robust input validation and output encoding mechanisms across all user-facing application components. Organizations must ensure that all data entering the system is properly sanitized and that appropriate access controls are enforced to limit the scope of potential exploitation. The implementation of Content Security Policy (CSP) headers and proper input validation frameworks can significantly reduce the risk of successful XSS exploitation. Additionally, regular security assessments, including automated scanning and manual penetration testing, should be conducted to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities. The affected versions should be immediately updated to patched releases, and organizations should implement strict monitoring of user activities to detect potential exploitation attempts. Security awareness training for administrators and privileged users can help prevent unauthorized access that could lead to exploitation of this vulnerability.