CVE-2025-41707 in QUINT4-UPS
Summary
by MITRE • 10/14/2025
The websocket handler is vulnerable to a denial of service condition. An unauthenticated remote attacker can send a crafted websocket message to trigger the issue without affecting the core functionality.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/14/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-41707 represents a critical denial of service weakness within websocket handler implementations that affects network infrastructure and application services. This flaw specifically targets the websocket protocol handling mechanism, where an unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit the system by sending carefully crafted websocket messages to induce a denial of service condition. The vulnerability exists at the protocol processing layer where websocket frames are parsed and handled, creating a pathway for malicious actors to disrupt normal service operations without requiring any authentication credentials or privileged access. The attack vector leverages the inherent design of websocket communication channels to deliver malformed or specially constructed messages that cause the handler to enter an unstable state or consume excessive system resources.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and error handling within the websocket message processing pipeline. When the websocket handler receives a malformed message, it fails to properly sanitize or reject the input before attempting to process it, leading to resource exhaustion or state corruption within the application or service. This weakness typically manifests as the websocket handler consuming excessive memory, CPU cycles, or file descriptors in response to the crafted payload, effectively rendering the service unavailable to legitimate users. The flaw operates at the application layer of the network stack and can be classified under CWE-400 as an Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability, specifically targeting the websocket protocol implementation. The vulnerability may also map to ATT&CK technique T1499.004 for Network Denial of Service, where an adversary exploits weaknesses in network protocols to disrupt service availability.
The operational impact of CVE-2025-41707 extends beyond simple service disruption, potentially affecting business continuity and user experience across connected systems that rely on websocket communications. Organizations utilizing websocket-based applications, real-time data feeds, or interactive web services may experience complete service unavailability when exploited, leading to significant operational downtime and potential financial losses. The vulnerability's remote nature means that attackers can exploit it from anywhere on the internet without requiring physical access or network proximity, making it particularly dangerous for publicly accessible services. Furthermore, the lack of authentication requirements for exploitation means that this vulnerability can be leveraged by automated scanning tools or botnets to target multiple systems simultaneously. The absence of impact on core functionality indicates that while the websocket handler is compromised, the underlying system architecture remains intact, though the specific service layer becomes unusable.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-41707 should focus on implementing robust input validation and rate limiting mechanisms within websocket handlers to prevent resource exhaustion attacks. Organizations should deploy websocket protocol parsers with strict message size limits, frame validation checks, and automatic connection termination for suspicious or malformed messages. Implementing proper error handling and graceful degradation mechanisms can help prevent the websocket handler from entering a crash state when encountering crafted inputs. Network-level protections such as firewall rules, connection rate limiting, and websocket protocol inspection can provide additional layers of defense. Security patches should be applied immediately to update websocket libraries and handlers to versions that address the specific validation and error handling weaknesses. Monitoring systems should be configured to detect unusual websocket traffic patterns or resource consumption spikes that may indicate exploitation attempts. The implementation of intrusion detection systems specifically designed for websocket protocol analysis can help identify and block malicious payloads before they cause service disruption. Regular security assessments and penetration testing should be conducted to verify the effectiveness of implemented controls and identify potential additional vulnerabilities in websocket implementations.