CVE-2025-48414 in cPH2 Charging Station
Summary
by MITRE • 05/21/2025
There are several scripts in the web interface that are accessible via undocumented hard-coded credentials. The scripts provide access to additional administrative/debug functionality and are likely intended for debugging during development and provides an additional attack surface.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/21/2025
The vulnerability described in CVE-2025-48414 represents a critical security flaw in web application architecture that stems from improper credential management and insecure development practices. This issue manifests through the presence of undocumented hard-coded credentials within the web interface scripts, creating an unauthorized access vector that bypasses normal authentication mechanisms. The existence of such credentials indicates a failure in the application's security design phase, where development tools and debugging interfaces were not properly secured or removed before production deployment. This type of vulnerability directly violates security best practices outlined in owasp top ten and represents a classic example of insecure credential storage as categorized under cwe-798.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves scripts that are accessible through hardcoded credentials, which typically consist of username and password combinations embedded directly within the application code or configuration files. These scripts provide access to administrative and debugging functionalities that should normally be restricted to authorized personnel only. The hard-coded nature of these credentials makes them particularly dangerous because they remain unchanged across deployments and can be discovered through code analysis, static scanning tools, or by examining web application source code. The presence of these scripts suggests that the development team may have left debugging interfaces enabled in production environments without proper access controls or authentication enforcement, creating an inherent risk that persists throughout the application lifecycle.
From an operational impact perspective, this vulnerability creates significant risk exposure for organizations as it provides attackers with direct access to administrative functions and potentially sensitive system information. The attack surface expansion is considerable since these scripts can be leveraged to perform privileged operations such as system configuration changes, data manipulation, user account management, and access to backend systems. The undocumented nature of these credentials means that security teams and administrators are unaware of their existence, making detection and remediation particularly challenging. This vulnerability aligns with attack techniques documented in the mitre att&ck framework under initial access and privilege escalation categories, specifically targeting credential access and defense evasion tactics that allow adversaries to maintain persistent access to target systems.
The remediation approach for this vulnerability requires immediate action to eliminate the hardcoded credentials and ensure that all administrative interfaces are properly secured through standard authentication mechanisms. Organizations should implement comprehensive code reviews to identify and remove any hardcoded credentials, while establishing proper credential management processes that align with industry standards such as nist sp 800-53 and iso/iec 27001. The solution involves replacing hard-coded credentials with secure authentication methods including multi-factor authentication, role-based access controls, and proper session management. Additionally, implementing regular security assessments and penetration testing can help identify similar vulnerabilities in other parts of the application architecture. The fix should also include proper logging and monitoring of access attempts to these administrative scripts to detect potential unauthorized access attempts and establish baseline behavior for security operations teams to identify anomalous activities.