CVE-2025-50089 in MySQL Server
Summary
by MITRE • 07/15/2025
Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: Server: Optimizer). Supported versions that are affected are 9.0.0-9.1.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.9 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/02/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-50089 represents a significant availability threat within Oracle MySQL Server's optimizer component, affecting versions 9.0.0 through 9.1.0. This flaw exists within the server's query optimization logic where specific conditions can trigger abnormal behavior that leads to system instability. The vulnerability's classification as easily exploitable indicates that attackers with high privileges and network access can leverage this weakness without requiring extensive technical expertise or specialized tools. The attack vector operates through multiple network protocols, making the exploitation surface broader and more accessible to threat actors who have already established sufficient access privileges within the target environment.
The technical nature of this vulnerability stems from improper handling of certain optimizer operations that can cause the MySQL server process to enter an infinite loop or consume excessive resources during query execution. When the optimizer encounters specific query patterns or data conditions, the internal logic fails to properly terminate execution paths, resulting in either a complete system hang or repeated crashes that effectively render the database service unavailable. This behavior aligns with CWE-400, which categorizes issues related to resource exhaustion or uncontrolled resource consumption in software systems. The vulnerability's impact manifests as a complete denial of service condition where legitimate database operations cannot proceed due to the server's inability to maintain stable operation.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability poses a substantial risk to database availability and business continuity. Organizations running affected MySQL versions face potential downtime that can disrupt critical applications dependent on database services, leading to cascading effects throughout their IT infrastructure. The requirement for high privilege access means that this vulnerability is typically exploited by insiders or attackers who have already compromised other system components, making it particularly dangerous in environments where privilege escalation has occurred. The CVSS 3.1 score of 4.9 indicates a medium severity threat focused primarily on availability impact, but the consequences can be severe given that database servers often serve as fundamental infrastructure components for enterprise applications.
The mitigation strategy for CVE-2025-50089 should prioritize immediate patching of affected MySQL Server installations to version 9.1.1 or later, which contains the necessary fixes for the optimizer component. System administrators should implement network segmentation and access controls to limit the attack surface and reduce the likelihood of privilege escalation. Monitoring solutions should be enhanced to detect unusual patterns in database server resource consumption or repeated crash events that could indicate exploitation attempts. Additionally, organizations should conduct thorough vulnerability assessments to identify any other systems running affected MySQL versions and ensure proper patch management processes are in place to prevent similar issues in the future. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this vulnerability under T1499.004 for network denial of service, highlighting the strategic importance of maintaining database server stability as part of overall cybersecurity defense.