CVE-2025-50095 in MySQL Server
Summary
by MITRE • 07/15/2025
Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: Server: Optimizer). Supported versions that are affected are 9.0.0-9.3.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.9 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/02/2025
This vulnerability resides within the MySQL Server optimizer component of Oracle MySQL versions 9.0.0 through 9.3.0, representing a significant availability risk that can be exploited by attackers with high privileges and network access. The flaw specifically impacts the server's query optimization processes, where an attacker can craft malicious queries that trigger abnormal behavior in the optimizer module. The vulnerability's classification as easily exploitable indicates that the attack vector requires minimal sophistication and can be executed through multiple network protocols, making it particularly dangerous in environments where network-based attacks are common. The CVSS 3.1 score of 4.9 reflects the moderate severity of the availability impact, with the high privilege requirement (PR:H) indicating that attackers must already possess elevated access levels to exploit this weakness effectively.
The technical nature of this vulnerability stems from improper handling of specific query patterns within the optimizer's execution path, leading to potential buffer overflows, memory corruption, or infinite loop conditions that cause the MySQL server to become unresponsive or crash completely. When exploited, the vulnerability results in a denial of service condition that can be either a temporary hang or a frequently repeatable crash, effectively rendering the database service unavailable to legitimate users. The attack can be executed through various network protocols including TCP/IP connections, which means that any application or service communicating with the MySQL server over the network could potentially be targeted. This makes the vulnerability particularly concerning for production environments where database availability is critical for business operations.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple service disruption, as database downtime can cascade into broader system failures affecting applications that depend on MySQL for data persistence and retrieval. Organizations running affected MySQL versions face the risk of extended service interruptions that can result in significant business disruption, data access delays, and potential revenue loss. The vulnerability's ability to cause complete DOS conditions means that even a single successful exploitation can bring down critical database services until manual intervention and server restart are performed. This makes the vulnerability particularly attractive to attackers seeking to cause maximum disruption with minimal effort, as the impact is immediate and severe without requiring complex attack chains or additional privileges.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should begin with immediate patching of affected MySQL Server installations to versions that contain the necessary security fixes. Organizations should prioritize updating their MySQL installations, particularly in production environments where the impact of a denial of service could be most severe. Network segmentation and access controls should be reviewed to ensure that only authorized personnel have high-privilege access to MySQL servers, reducing the attack surface available to potential exploiters. Implementing monitoring solutions that can detect unusual query patterns or service disruptions can provide early warning of potential exploitation attempts. Additionally, organizations should conduct regular vulnerability assessments and penetration testing to identify and remediate similar weaknesses in their database infrastructure. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-121 and CWE-122 categories related to buffer overflow conditions and heap-based buffer overflows, while also mapping to ATT&CK techniques involving service stoppage and availability denial. Regular security audits and maintaining up-to-date security patches should remain a priority for database administrators to prevent exploitation of similar optimizer-related vulnerabilities in the future.