CVE-2025-55443 in MDM
Summary
by MITRE • 08/26/2025
Telpo MDM 1.4.6 thru 1.4.9 for Android contains sensitive administrator credentials and MQTT server connection details (IP/port) that are stored in plaintext within log files on the device's external storage. This allows attackers with access to these logs to: 1. Authenticate to the MDM web platform to execute administrative operations (device shutdown/factory reset/software installation); 2. Connect to the MQTT server to intercept/publish device data.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/27/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-55443 affects Telpo MDM versions 1.4.6 through 1.4.9 running on Android devices, presenting a critical security flaw that stems from improper handling of sensitive administrative information. This issue resides within the mobile device management platform's logging mechanisms, where critical credentials and server connection parameters are persistently stored in plaintext format within external storage log files. The flaw represents a significant weakness in the application's security architecture, as it violates fundamental principles of secure credential handling and data protection. The vulnerability directly maps to CWE-312, which specifically addresses the exposure of sensitive information through improper logging practices, and aligns with CWE-522, addressing insufficiently protected credentials. The insecure storage of administrative credentials in log files creates an attack surface that can be exploited by malicious actors with physical or remote access to the device's storage.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves the MDM application's logging subsystem writing sensitive data to external storage locations without proper sanitization or encryption measures. The plaintext storage of administrator credentials and MQTT server connection details (including IP addresses and port numbers) creates a persistent threat vector that remains active even after the application is closed or the device is rebooted. This design flaw enables attackers to gain unauthorized administrative access to managed devices and potentially compromise the entire MDM ecosystem. The stored credentials allow attackers to authenticate to the MDM web platform and execute privileged operations such as device shutdown, factory reset, and software installation, while the MQTT connection details enable interception and publication of device data. This dual exploitation capability significantly amplifies the impact of the vulnerability, as it provides both administrative control and data exfiltration capabilities.
The operational impact of CVE-2025-55443 extends beyond individual device compromise to threaten the integrity and confidentiality of entire device management infrastructures. Organizations relying on Telpo MDM for fleet management face substantial risk of unauthorized device manipulation, potential data breaches, and loss of operational control over their managed devices. The vulnerability undermines the trust model that MDM solutions are designed to provide, as it allows attackers to assume administrative roles without proper authentication mechanisms. Attackers can leverage this vulnerability to conduct persistent surveillance, deploy malicious applications, or execute destructive operations on managed devices. The MQTT server connection details enable sophisticated data interception attacks, allowing adversaries to monitor device communications and potentially inject malicious payloads into the device management ecosystem. This vulnerability particularly impacts organizations with high-security requirements, as it provides attackers with direct access to sensitive device data and management capabilities.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-55443 require immediate action to address the root cause of the vulnerability through proper credential handling and logging practices. Organizations should implement immediate patching of affected Telpo MDM versions to the latest secure release that addresses the plaintext credential storage issue. The solution must include secure credential management practices that prevent sensitive information from being written to external storage log files, implementing proper sanitization of logs and encryption of sensitive data. Security measures should include disabling unnecessary logging of administrative credentials, implementing secure log rotation mechanisms, and ensuring that log files are stored in encrypted locations with restricted access permissions. The mitigation approach should align with ATT&CK technique T1566, which addresses credential access through the exploitation of insecure credential storage, and T1071, which covers application layer protocol usage for data exfiltration. Organizations should also implement network monitoring to detect unauthorized MQTT server connections and establish secure communication channels for device management operations. Regular security audits of log file contents and access controls should be implemented to prevent similar vulnerabilities from emerging in future deployments.