CVE-2025-56590 in HTML2PDF SDK
Summary
by MITRE • 01/22/2026
An issue was discovered in the InsertFromURL() function of the Apryse HTML2PDF SDK thru 11.10. This vulnerability could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the local server.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/12/2026
The CVE-2025-56590 vulnerability represents a critical command injection flaw within the Apryse HTML2PDF SDK version 11.10 and earlier, exposing systems to remote code execution risks. This vulnerability specifically affects the InsertFromURL() function which processes external URLs to fetch content for PDF conversion. The flaw arises from insufficient input validation and sanitization of URL parameters, allowing malicious actors to inject operating system commands that get executed on the server hosting the vulnerable SDK. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it enables attackers to leverage the PDF conversion functionality as a vector for arbitrary code execution, potentially compromising the entire server infrastructure. This type of vulnerability falls under CWE-78, which specifically addresses OS Command Injection, a well-documented weakness in software security that allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system. The attack surface is expanded when the vulnerable system processes untrusted input from external sources, making it particularly dangerous in web applications where user input is common.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs when an attacker crafts a malicious URL that includes command injection payloads within the InsertFromURL() function parameters. The SDK fails to properly validate or sanitize the URL input before processing it, leading to command injection in the underlying operating system shell. This allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the process running the SDK, typically the web server or application user. The vulnerability can be exploited through various attack vectors including direct URL manipulation, web application input fields, or through crafted PDF files that trigger the vulnerable function. The impact extends beyond simple command execution to potentially enable full system compromise, data exfiltration, or lateral movement within the network. According to ATT&CK framework, this vulnerability maps to T1059.001 for Command and Scripting Interpreter and T1021.004 for Remote Services, demonstrating how the vulnerability can be leveraged for both local command execution and remote access exploitation patterns.
Organizations utilizing the Apryse HTML2PDF SDK must implement immediate mitigations to protect against this vulnerability. The most effective approach involves upgrading to the latest version of the SDK where the vulnerability has been patched and input validation has been strengthened. Additionally, implementing proper input sanitization and validation at multiple layers of the application architecture can provide defense-in-depth protection. Network segmentation and access controls should be enforced to limit the potential impact of successful exploitation. The implementation of web application firewalls and runtime application self-protection mechanisms can help detect and prevent malicious payloads from reaching the vulnerable function. Security monitoring should be enhanced to detect unusual command execution patterns or suspicious URL requests that may indicate exploitation attempts. Regular security assessments and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities within the application stack and ensure that the patched version is properly deployed across all affected systems. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of proper input validation and the potential consequences of insufficient sanitization in server-side processing functions.