CVE-2026-58046 in Plesk
Summary
by MITRE • 07/30/2026
Improper neutralization in the Plesk XML-RPC API allows a remote authenticated low-privileged user to perform SQL injection and read arbitrary data from the Plesk database, leading to full compromise of the panel.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/30/2026
The vulnerability under discussion represents a critical security flaw within the Plesk control panel's XML-RPC API implementation that enables authenticated attackers with low privileges to execute SQL injection attacks against the underlying database system. This weakness stems from inadequate input validation and sanitization mechanisms within the API endpoints, specifically in how user-supplied data is processed and integrated into database queries without proper escaping or parameterization. The vulnerability operates at the intersection of CWE-89 SQL Injection and CWE-20 Improper Input Validation, creating a pathway for malicious actors to manipulate database operations through crafted API requests.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability requires an attacker to possess valid authentication credentials within the Plesk environment, typically at the level of a customer or reseller account with limited permissions. However, the flaw allows these low-privileged users to escalate their access by injecting malicious SQL payloads into XML-RPC API calls that process user input directly into database queries. The attack vector specifically targets the XML-RPC interface where structured data is transmitted and processed, enabling the execution of arbitrary database commands that can retrieve sensitive information including administrative credentials, customer data, and system configurations.
From an operational impact perspective, this vulnerability creates a complete compromise scenario for the Plesk panel as it allows attackers to bypass normal access controls and directly read from the database without requiring elevated privileges. The compromised data includes but is not limited to user accounts, domain configurations, email settings, and potentially administrative passwords stored in the database. This access enables attackers to perform lateral movement within the system, escalate privileges through credential theft, and maintain persistent access to the compromised infrastructure. The vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1078 Valid Accounts and T1046 Network Service Scanning, as it leverages legitimate authentication mechanisms to gain unauthorized access to sensitive data.
The mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should encompass multiple layers of defense including immediate patching of the affected Plesk versions, implementation of proper input validation and parameterized queries within the XML-RPC API endpoints, and enforcement of least privilege principles for API access. Organizations should also consider implementing network segmentation to limit access to the XML-RPC interfaces, monitoring for unusual API activity patterns, and conducting regular security assessments of web applications. Additionally, the implementation of Web Application Firewalls and database activity monitoring solutions can help detect and prevent exploitation attempts. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of validating all user inputs at multiple levels within application architectures and aligns with security best practices outlined in OWASP Top Ten and NIST SP 800-53 security controls for preventing injection attacks and protecting sensitive data.