CVE-2025-56815 in Datart
Summary
by MITRE • 09/24/2025
Datart 1.0.0-rc.3 is vulnerable to Directory Traversal in the POST /viz/image interface, since the server directly uses MultipartFile.transferTo() to save the uploaded file to a path controllable by the user, and lacks strict verification of the file name.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/24/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-56815 affects Datart version 1.0.0-rc.3 and represents a critical directory traversal flaw within the POST /viz/image interface. This security weakness stems from improper input validation and inadequate file handling mechanisms that allow malicious actors to manipulate the file upload process. The vulnerability specifically manifests when the server employs MultipartFile.transferTo() method to persist uploaded files without sufficient sanitization of the file path components, creating an opportunity for attackers to navigate outside the intended directory structure and potentially overwrite critical system files or inject malicious content.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability aligns with CWE-22, which categorizes directory traversal attacks as a common weakness in software applications. When an attacker submits a crafted file name containing directory traversal sequences such as ../ or ..\, the application fails to properly validate or sanitize these path components before executing the file transfer operation. The MultipartFile.transferTo() method in spring framework, while convenient for file operations, does not inherently provide protection against malicious path manipulation when user-controllable input is directly used in the target path construction. This flaw essentially allows an attacker to specify arbitrary file paths during the upload process, bypassing normal file access controls and potentially gaining unauthorized access to sensitive system resources.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple file system manipulation and can lead to severe consequences including arbitrary code execution, data exfiltration, and system compromise. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to upload malicious files such as web shells, configuration files containing sensitive credentials, or scripts that could be executed by the web server. The vulnerability also presents a risk for privilege escalation attacks where an attacker might target configuration files or system directories that are accessible through the web application. Additionally, the flaw could enable persistent threat actors to establish backdoors within the system, potentially leading to long-term unauthorized access and data breaches.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-56815 should focus on implementing robust input validation and sanitization mechanisms for all user-controllable file paths. Organizations should enforce strict file name validation that removes or encodes potentially dangerous characters and sequences, while also implementing proper path validation that ensures uploaded files are stored within predetermined, secure directories. The solution involves replacing direct user input usage in file path construction with sanitized, controlled paths and implementing proper access controls and file permissions. Security measures should also include monitoring and logging of file upload activities to detect anomalous behavior patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. According to ATT&CK framework, this vulnerability maps to T1059.007 (Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell) and T1566.001 (Phishing: Spearphishing Attachment) as attackers might leverage this vulnerability to deploy malicious payloads through compromised file upload mechanisms. Organizations should also consider implementing web application firewalls and runtime application self-protection technologies to detect and prevent exploitation attempts. Regular security assessments and vulnerability scanning should be conducted to identify similar weaknesses in other components of the application stack that might present similar attack vectors.