CVE-2025-57352 in min-document
Summary
by MITRE • 09/24/2025
A vulnerability exists in the 'min-document' package prior to version 2.19.0, stemming from improper handling of namespace operations in the removeAttributeNS method. By processing malicious input involving the __proto__ property, an attacker can manipulate the prototype chain of JavaScript objects, leading to denial of service or arbitrary code execution. This issue arises from insufficient validation of attribute namespace removal operations, allowing unintended modification of critical object prototypes. The vulnerability remains unaddressed in the latest available version.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/30/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-57352 resides within the min-document package, a lightweight implementation of the Document Object Model commonly used in server-side JavaScript environments and browser-based applications. This package serves as a minimalistic alternative to full DOM implementations, providing essential DOM functionality for rendering and manipulation tasks. The flaw specifically manifests in the removeAttributeNS method, which handles namespace operations for DOM attributes. The vulnerability represents a critical security issue that affects all versions prior to 2.19.0, leaving numerous applications exposed to potential exploitation. The root cause stems from inadequate input validation within the namespace removal process, creating a pathway for malicious actors to manipulate fundamental JavaScript object behaviors through carefully crafted inputs.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs through manipulation of the _proto_ property during namespace attribute removal operations. When the removeAttributeNS method processes malicious input containing prototype manipulation sequences, it fails to properly validate namespace identifiers and attribute names. This improper handling allows attackers to inject malicious prototype chain modifications that can cascade into more severe security implications. The vulnerability's impact extends beyond simple prototype pollution, as it can enable attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution or cause denial of service conditions within affected applications. The flaw operates at the core of JavaScript's object model, specifically targeting the prototype chain mechanism that underpins object inheritance and method resolution. This type of vulnerability aligns with CWE-471, which describes the improper handling of prototype manipulation, and represents a sophisticated attack vector that leverages the fundamental architecture of JavaScript's object system.
From an operational perspective, applications utilizing the vulnerable min-document package face significant risks including complete system compromise, data corruption, or service disruption. The vulnerability's exploitation potential makes it particularly dangerous for web applications, server-side rendering environments, and any system processing untrusted input through DOM operations. Attackers can leverage this weakness to execute code within the application context, potentially escalating privileges or gaining unauthorized access to sensitive system resources. The impact is amplified in environments where the package is used extensively for HTML parsing, DOM manipulation, or server-side rendering tasks. This vulnerability directly affects the integrity and availability of affected systems, as the prototype chain manipulation can cause unpredictable behavior and application crashes. The absence of a fix in the latest available version indicates a prolonged exposure period, increasing the likelihood of successful exploitation across numerous production environments.
Security mitigations for CVE-2025-57352 require immediate version upgrades to min-document 2.19.0 or later, which implements proper input validation for namespace operations and prototype chain protection mechanisms. Organizations should conduct comprehensive vulnerability assessments to identify all applications and systems utilizing the affected package, implementing dependency updates as part of their regular security maintenance procedures. Additional protective measures include input sanitization for all DOM operations, implementation of content security policies, and monitoring for anomalous prototype chain modifications within application logs. The remediation process should also involve thorough regression testing to ensure that the updated package does not introduce compatibility issues with existing application functionality. Security teams must establish automated dependency monitoring systems to detect similar vulnerabilities in third-party libraries and maintain updated threat intelligence feeds to identify emerging risks within their software supply chain. This vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of proper input validation in DOM manipulation libraries and reinforces the need for comprehensive security testing of foundational software components.