CVE-2025-57791 in CommCell
Summary
by MITRE • 08/20/2025
An issue was discovered in Commvault before 11.36.60. A security vulnerability has been identified that allows remote attackers to inject or manipulate command-line arguments passed to internal components due to insufficient input validation. Successful exploitation results in a valid user session for a low privilege role.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/10/2025
The vulnerability identified in Commvault software prior to version 11.36.60 represents a critical command injection flaw that directly impacts the integrity and security of enterprise data protection systems. This issue stems from inadequate input validation mechanisms within the application's internal components, creating an exploitable pathway for remote attackers to manipulate command-line arguments through carefully crafted inputs. The vulnerability specifically affects the software's handling of user-supplied data that gets processed and passed to underlying system commands without proper sanitization or validation checks.
From a technical perspective, the flaw manifests as a failure to properly validate and sanitize command-line arguments that are passed to internal system components. This insufficient input validation creates an environment where malicious actors can inject arbitrary commands that get executed within the context of the application's privileges. The vulnerability operates at the application layer and leverages weaknesses in the software's argument parsing and handling mechanisms, allowing attackers to bypass normal access controls and execute unauthorized operations. According to CWE standards, this vulnerability maps to CWE-77 and CWE-88, which specifically address command injection and argument injection flaws in software systems. The attack vector is remote and requires no authentication for initial exploitation, making it particularly dangerous in enterprise environments where Commvault systems are often exposed to various network threats.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple privilege escalation, as it fundamentally undermines the trust model of the Commvault platform and creates potential pathways for further exploitation. Successful exploitation results in attackers gaining valid user sessions with low privilege roles, which while limited in scope, still provides a foothold for additional attacks within the system. This vulnerability directly impacts the principle of least privilege and could potentially be leveraged to escalate privileges further if the low privilege account has access to additional system resources or administrative functions. The implications are particularly severe for organizations relying on Commvault for critical data protection and backup operations, as attackers could potentially disrupt backup operations, access sensitive data, or manipulate backup schedules and configurations.
Organizations should prioritize immediate remediation through the application of the vendor-provided patch or update to version 11.36.60 or later. The mitigation strategy should include comprehensive network monitoring to detect potential exploitation attempts and implementation of additional access controls to limit the impact of any successful attacks. Security teams should also conduct thorough vulnerability assessments to identify any other components that might be susceptible to similar input validation flaws. From an ATT&CK framework perspective, this vulnerability aligns with techniques such as T1059.001 (Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell) and T1203 (Exploitation for Client Execution) as attackers may leverage this weakness to execute commands and potentially escalate privileges. The incident response plan should include monitoring for unusual command execution patterns and user session activity that could indicate exploitation attempts, while also ensuring that proper input validation is implemented across all system components to prevent similar vulnerabilities from emerging in the future.