CVE-2025-59834 in adb-mcp
Summary
by MITRE • 09/25/2025
ADB MCP Server is a MCP (Model Context Protocol) server for interacting with Android devices through ADB. In versions 0.1.0 and prior, the MCP Server is written in a way that is vulnerable to command injection vulnerability attacks as part of some of its MCP Server tool definition and implementation. This issue has been patched via commit 041729c.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/26/2025
The ADB MCP Server represents a critical component in Android device interaction workflows, serving as a Model Context Protocol server that facilitates communication with Android devices through the Android Debug Bridge. This server implementation operates as a bridge between higher-level applications and the underlying Android debugging infrastructure, making it a potential attack surface for malicious actors seeking to compromise Android device environments. The vulnerability affects versions 0.1.0 and prior, indicating that the security flaws were present in the initial release and early development iterations of this tooling framework. The server's architecture involves processing tool definitions and implementing various commands that interface directly with Android devices, creating opportunities for malicious input manipulation that could lead to unauthorized system access.
The technical flaw manifests as a command injection vulnerability within the MCP Server's implementation, specifically within how it handles tool definitions and command processing. This vulnerability occurs when user-supplied input containing malicious commands is not properly sanitized or validated before being executed within the server context. The flaw allows attackers to inject arbitrary commands that execute with the privileges of the MCP Server process, potentially enabling full system compromise of the Android device or host system where the server operates. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it operates at the protocol level where legitimate administrative commands are processed, making it difficult to distinguish between benign and malicious input without proper validation mechanisms. This type of vulnerability aligns with CWE-77 and CWE-78 classifications, which specifically address command injection flaws in software systems where external input is directly incorporated into command execution contexts without proper sanitization.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple command execution, as it can enable attackers to gain unauthorized access to Android device functionalities through the ADB interface. Successful exploitation could allow threat actors to execute arbitrary code on target devices, potentially leading to data exfiltration, device modification, or further lateral movement within network environments where Android devices are connected. The vulnerability affects the security posture of any system relying on ADB MCP Server for device management, particularly in enterprise environments where Android devices are used for development, testing, or deployment activities. The patch implemented via commit 041729c addresses the root cause by introducing proper input validation and sanitization mechanisms that prevent malicious command sequences from being executed within the server environment. This remediation approach aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.001, which covers command and scripting interpreter execution, by ensuring that command execution flows are properly validated and controlled.
Security professionals should consider this vulnerability as part of broader Android security assessments, particularly in environments where ADB services are exposed or where device management systems rely on protocol-level interfaces. The fix demonstrates the importance of input validation in server-side applications that process external commands, and the vulnerability serves as a reminder of the critical security considerations when implementing debugging and device management interfaces. Organizations should verify that their ADB MCP Server implementations have been updated to versions containing the patch, and should conduct thorough security reviews of any custom tool definitions or command processing logic that may have been implemented in the affected versions. The vulnerability highlights the need for robust security practices in development toolchains and emphasizes the importance of following secure coding guidelines that prevent injection vulnerabilities in systems handling device-level commands and administrative functions.