CVE-2025-8974 in litemall
Summary
by MITRE • 08/14/2025
A vulnerability was determined in linlinjava litemall up to 1.8.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file litemall-wx-api/src/main/java/org/linlinjava/litemall/wx/util/JwtHelper.java of the component JSON Web Token Handler. The manipulation of the argument SECRET with the input X-Litemall-Token leads to hard-coded credentials. The attack may be launched remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/11/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-8974 resides within the litemall e-commerce platform version 1.8.0 and earlier, specifically targeting the JSON Web Token handler component located at litemall-wx-api/src/main/java/org/linlinjava/litemall/wx/util/JwtHelper.java. This flaw represents a critical security weakness that compromises the authentication mechanism of the system, affecting the overall security posture of applications utilizing this vulnerable library. The vulnerability manifests when the application processes the X-Litemall-Token header parameter, which is typically used for user authentication and session management within the mobile frontend of the platform.
The technical root cause of this vulnerability stems from the implementation of hard-coded credentials within the JWT handling logic. When the SECRET argument is manipulated through the X-Litemall-Token input, the system fails to properly validate or randomize the cryptographic key used for token signing and verification. This design flaw directly maps to CWE-259 Weak Password Storage and CWE-320 CWE-320: Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Keys, where cryptographic keys are embedded within the source code or configuration files. The implementation essentially creates a situation where attackers can predict or derive the secret key used for JWT operations, rendering the entire authentication system vulnerable to exploitation.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple credential compromise, as it enables attackers to forge valid authentication tokens and gain unauthorized access to protected resources within the litemall application. Remote exploitation is possible, meaning that attackers do not require physical access to the system or network to leverage this vulnerability. The attack complexity is rated as high, suggesting that while the vulnerability exists, sophisticated techniques may be required to successfully exploit it. However, the public disclosure of exploitation methods significantly reduces the barrier to entry for malicious actors. This vulnerability creates opportunities for privilege escalation, data theft, and potential lateral movement within networks where the vulnerable application is deployed, as attackers can impersonate legitimate users and access restricted functionality.
Security mitigations for this vulnerability must address the core issue of hard-coded credentials through immediate remediation efforts. Organizations should implement dynamic key generation for JWT operations, ensuring that cryptographic secrets are not embedded within the application source code. The recommended approach involves integrating secure key management systems that can rotate keys periodically and maintain proper access controls. Additionally, the JWT helper component should be refactored to utilize environment variables or secure configuration management systems for storing cryptographic secrets. From an ATT&CK framework perspective, this vulnerability maps to T1566.002 Initial Access: Phishing via Service, as attackers could potentially use this weakness to gain initial access to user accounts, and T1580 Account Manipulation, as successful exploitation would allow for unauthorized account access and modification. Organizations should also implement network monitoring to detect unusual token generation patterns and consider implementing additional authentication layers such as multi-factor authentication to reduce the risk of unauthorized access even if the primary vulnerability is exploited.