CVE-2026-104383 in Aquila
Summary
by MITRE • 10/28/2026
Improper Control of Generation of Code in Pigeon MFA service in EagleCloud Aquila versions through 2.6.7.2 on on-premises platforms allows authenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via code injection
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/28/2026
The vulnerability identified as Improper Control of Generation of Code within the Pigeon Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) service, specifically affecting EagleCloud Aquila versions through 2.6.7.2 on on-premises deployments, represents a critical security flaw rooted in inadequate input validation and sanitization mechanisms. This class of vulnerability falls under the Common Weakness Enumeration category CWE-95, commonly known as Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code or CWE-436 if interpreted through the lens of interpretation confusion. The core technical issue arises when the application processes user-supplied data without sufficiently verifying that the input consists solely of expected characters and structures before passing it to code execution functions, interpreters, or dynamic evaluation engines. In this specific context, authenticated remote attackers can exploit this weakness by injecting malicious scripts or commands into fields intended for legitimate configuration or authentication parameters. Because the Pigeon MFA service handles sensitive identity management operations, the failure to properly isolate and sanitize these inputs allows an attacker to manipulate the underlying code generation logic, leading to the execution of arbitrary system-level commands on the host infrastructure where the service is deployed.
From a technical perspective, this vulnerability leverages the principle that dynamic code evaluation or template rendering mechanisms are inherently risky if not strictly constrained. When an authenticated user submits data containing special characters such as semicolons, pipes, backticks, or language-specific syntax markers like curly braces and dollar signs in certain contexts, the application may interpret these sequences as executable instructions rather than literal string values. This misinterpretation allows the attacker to break out of the intended context and inject payloads that interact with the operating system shell or internal scripting engines. The requirement for authentication does not mitigate this risk; instead, it expands the attack surface by allowing any valid user account, including potentially compromised low-privilege accounts, to trigger the code injection. This distinction is crucial because many organizations incorrectly assume that authenticated vulnerabilities are less severe than unauthenticated ones, whereas in cases of remote code execution (RCE), even a single compromised credential can lead to full system compromise and lateral movement within the network.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe, as it effectively grants an attacker complete control over the affected on-premises server hosting the EagleCloud Aquila MFA service. Once arbitrary code is executed, the attacker gains the ability to read sensitive configuration files containing encryption keys or database credentials, modify authentication logic to bypass multi-factor checks entirely, install persistent backdoors for long-term access, and pivot to other systems within the internal network using the privileges of the application process. This undermines the fundamental purpose of an MFA system, which is to provide a robust second layer of defense against unauthorized access. If attackers can manipulate or disable this service through code injection, they may be able to bypass authentication mechanisms entirely or create new administrative accounts that do not require multi-factor verification in subsequent login attempts. Furthermore, because on-premises deployments often reside within the trusted internal network perimeter, a successful exploitation here could serve as an initial foothold for advanced persistent threats aiming to exfiltrate data from critical business applications protected by this identity provider.
To mitigate this risk and align with industry best practices such as those outlined in MITRE ATT&CK technique T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter or T1621 Interactive Application API Manipulation, immediate remediation is required. The primary mitigation involves upgrading the EagleCloud Aquila software to version 2.6.7.3 or later, where the vendor has presumably implemented stricter input validation, output encoding, and parameterized query practices to prevent code injection vectors. In addition to patching, organizations should enforce strict least-privilege principles for service accounts running the Pigeon MFA application, ensuring that even if exploitation occurs, the blast radius is limited by restricting file system and network access permissions. Network segmentation strategies should also be reviewed to ensure that the MFA server cannot communicate freely with all internal assets, thereby limiting lateral movement opportunities. Security teams should monitor for anomalous process executions or unusual outbound connections from the MFA servers as indicators of potential compromise during the transition period before patches are fully deployed across the infrastructure.