CVE-2026-107102 in Multi-tenant ERP System
Summary
by MITRE • 10/07/2026
This vulnerability exists in the ERP system due to improper validation of payment callback parameters and inadequate authentication controls in API endpoint. An unauthenticated remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by manipulating the parameter to cause the application to establish an authenticated session for an arbitrary user without valid payment verification.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow the attacker to bypass authentication and gain unauthorized access to other user accounts on the targeted system.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/07/2026
The identified security flaw resides within a critical Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) module, specifically targeting the API endpoint responsible for processing financial transaction callbacks. The core technical deficiency is rooted in improper validation of payment callback parameters combined with inadequate authentication controls. In standard secure architectures, an ERP system must verify that any state change or session initialization triggered by an external service, such as a payment gateway, originates from a trusted source and adheres to strict integrity checks. However, the vulnerable implementation fails to rigorously validate the authenticity and origin of these callback requests. This oversight allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to craft malicious HTTP requests containing manipulated parameters that mimic legitimate payment confirmation signals. By exploiting this logic error, the application erroneously interprets the forged data as a valid proof of purchase or transaction completion, thereby triggering internal functions that establish authenticated sessions for arbitrary user accounts without requiring actual financial verification or proper credential exchange.
This vulnerability represents a severe breach in access control mechanisms, effectively allowing an attacker to bypass authentication protocols entirely. The operational impact is significant, as it grants the adversary unauthorized access to other user accounts on the targeted system. Once inside, the attacker can assume the identity of legitimate users, potentially accessing sensitive financial data, modifying transaction records, or initiating fraudulent payments depending on the privileges associated with the compromised account. This type of flaw aligns directly with CWE-287, which describes Improper Authentication, and specifically relates to CWE-345 regarding Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity. From a tactical perspective, this exploitation technique mirrors techniques found in the MITRE ATT&CK framework under T1078, Valid Accounts, where adversaries leverage legitimate credentials or session tokens obtained through bypass mechanisms to maintain persistent access and move laterally within the network environment.
The severity of this issue is compounded by its remote exploitability without prior authentication, making it a high-risk vector for automated attacks. Attackers can script requests to iterate through user identifiers or target specific high-privilege accounts, leading to potential data exfiltration, financial fraud, and significant reputational damage for the organization hosting the ERP system. Furthermore, because this involves payment callbacks, there is an inherent risk of double-spending or accounting discrepancies if the backend logic does not also enforce idempotency checks on transaction IDs alongside authentication validation. The lack of proper input sanitization allows the manipulation of parameters that dictate which user session to instantiate, turning a routine financial integration point into a gateway for full account takeover.
To mitigate this vulnerability, immediate remediation efforts must focus on implementing robust cryptographic verification mechanisms for all incoming payment callbacks. This includes validating digital signatures provided by the payment service provider using public key infrastructure or shared secrets to ensure that requests have not been tampered with and originate from authorized sources. Additionally, strict authentication controls should be enforced at the API gateway level, requiring valid session tokens or OAuth2 bearer tokens even for callback endpoints if they modify user state. Implementing rate limiting and anomaly detection can also help identify suspicious patterns of request volume originating from untrusted IP addresses. Long-term solutions involve adopting a zero-trust architecture where no external input is trusted by default, ensuring that every parameter is validated against expected formats and values before being processed by business logic layers. Regular security code reviews focusing on authentication flows and third-party integrations are essential to prevent similar logical flaws in future development cycles.