CVE-2026-107503 in Ditto Explorer UI
Summary
by MITRE • 10/08/2026
Unvalidated environments URL allows OAuth authorization code + PKCE verifier theft and account takeover via injected OIDC authority in Ditto Explorer in Eclipse Ditto Ditto Explorer [3.6.0,3.9.7] allows a craft link set an attacker-controlled OIDC authority with autoSso enabled. The UI then automatically starts a login at the genuine identity provider but exchanges the returned authorization code together with its PKCE code_verifier at an attacker-controlled token endpoint. This lets the attacker redeem the code for the victim's access and refresh tokens. Alternatively, an attacker-controlled api_uri causes the UI to send the victim's bearer token or Basic credentials to the attacker. Because the configuration is persisted, later visits to the UI without the crafted link repeat the token theft.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/08/2026
The vulnerability in Eclipse Ditto Explorer versions 3.6.0 through 3.9.7 represents a critical flaw in how the application handles OpenID Connect (OIDC) authority configurations and OAuth authorization flows. The core issue stems from an unvalidated environment URL that permits attackers to inject malicious OIDC authority settings into the client-side configuration when the autoSso feature is enabled. This architectural weakness allows for a sophisticated attack chain where the victim's browser initiates a legitimate authentication request with their genuine identity provider, but the subsequent token exchange process is hijacked by an attacker-controlled endpoint.
When a user interacts with a crafted link or environment that has been manipulated to point to a malicious OIDC authority, the Ditto Explorer interface automatically triggers a login sequence against what it believes to be the legitimate identity provider. The browser correctly obtains an authorization code from the authentic issuer. However, due to the injected configuration, this authorization code is not exchanged with the genuine token endpoint as intended. Instead, the application sends the authorization code along with its corresponding PKCE code_verifier to a server controlled by the attacker. This mechanism effectively bypasses standard OAuth security controls because the client trusts the misconfigured authority settings over verifying the actual origin of the tokens being requested or validated.
The exploitation of this flaw leads directly to account takeover through the theft of sensitive authentication artifacts. By receiving the authorization code and PKCE verifier, an attacker can redeem them at their own token endpoint to obtain valid access and refresh tokens for the victim's session. These tokens grant full administrative or user-level privileges within the Ditto platform, allowing the adversary to impersonate the victim indefinitely if refresh tokens are compromised. Furthermore, the vulnerability extends beyond OAuth flows; if an attacker controls a specific api_uri parameter, they can force the UI to exfiltrate the victim's bearer token or Basic authentication credentials directly to their server. This secondary vector ensures that even without full OIDC manipulation, sensitive credential material is leaked during normal API interactions.
The persistence of this vulnerability significantly amplifies its impact and difficulty in remediation for affected organizations. Because the malicious configuration settings are persisted within the application state or local storage, subsequent visits by other users to the Ditto Explorer interface may automatically trigger the same token theft mechanism without requiring a new crafted link each time. This creates a persistent backdoor that can affect multiple victims over an extended period, turning what might appear as a single-click phishing opportunity into a long-term compromise of user accounts and system integrity.
From a classification perspective, this vulnerability aligns with CWE-20 Improper Input Validation regarding the failure to validate OIDC authority URLs before use in sensitive authentication flows. It also maps closely to MITRE ATT&CK technique T1566.001 Phishing: Spearphishing Attachment or Link, as it relies on social engineering via crafted links, and T1528 Steal Application Access Token for OAuth 2.0 Authorization Code Flow, which describes the specific mechanism of intercepting authorization codes to steal tokens. The persistence aspect further relates to CWE-674 Uncontrolled Recursion in Configuration or improper state management that retains malicious settings across sessions.
Mitigation strategies must focus on strict validation and isolation of authentication endpoints. Developers should implement allowlisting for OIDC discovery URLs and token endpoints, ensuring that only pre-approved identity providers are accepted during the OAuth flow. The autoSso feature requires particular scrutiny to ensure it does not override security-critical configuration values based on external input. Additionally, implementing Content Security Policy (CSP) headers can help mitigate some aspects of client-side manipulation by restricting where API requests and token exchanges can be directed. Organizations running affected versions should immediately update to a patched release that enforces strict validation of environment URLs and disables the persistence of untrusted OIDC configurations. Regular security audits focusing on OAuth implementation details are essential to prevent similar flaws in future iterations of the software.