CVE-2026-109651 in ERPNext
Summary
by MITRE • 10/13/2026
Frappe ERPNext before 15.112.0 and 16.x before 16.23.0 contains a server-side request forgery vulnerability caused by a configuration field, writable by common operational roles, that accepts an arbitrary outbound request destination without validation. Authenticated attackers can set the field to hosts of their choosing, making the server issue requests to addresses reachable only from inside the deployment's network.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/13/2026
The identified vulnerability in Frappe ERPNext versions prior to 15.112.0 and 16.x prior to 16.23.0 represents a critical Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) flaw rooted in insufficient input validation within configuration fields accessible by standard operational roles. This security defect allows authenticated users, who typically possess limited privileges such as those of an employee or manager rather than a system administrator, to manipulate specific application settings that dictate outbound network behavior. The core technical failure lies in the absence of rigorous destination filtering when these fields are processed, enabling attackers to specify arbitrary hostnames and IP addresses for outgoing requests initiated by the server itself. This lack of validation bypasses standard security controls designed to restrict internal services from being accessed via external-facing applications, creating a direct pathway for network reconnaissance and data exfiltration within private infrastructure environments.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability poses significant risks because it leverages legitimate application functionality against the organization's own network architecture. Since ERPNext systems often reside on corporate networks with access to internal databases, API endpoints, cloud metadata services, and other sensitive backend resources, an attacker can exploit this SSRF vector to probe these internal assets. The ability to force the server to make requests to addresses reachable only from inside the deployment's network means that attackers can potentially interact with services that are not exposed to the public internet but remain vulnerable if accessed internally. This includes querying cloud provider metadata endpoints like AWS EC2 instance metadata, accessing internal database ports, or interacting with other microservices within a Kubernetes cluster or virtual private cloud, thereby escalating from low-privilege user access to potential full infrastructure compromise.
The classification of this vulnerability aligns closely with CWE-918, which defines Server-Side Request Forgery as a flaw where a web server receives a URL and makes requests on behalf of the client without proper validation of that input. Furthermore, in terms of offensive security frameworks such as MITRE ATT&CK, this behavior corresponds to techniques involving internal network discovery and potentially data staging if combined with other exploits. The attack vector is classified as remote but requires authentication, placing it at a lower initial complexity compared to unauthenticated SSRF flaws, yet the impact remains severe due to the privileged nature of the server's outbound connections. Attackers can utilize this capability for lateral movement within the network or to bypass firewall rules that trust internal traffic originating from application servers.
To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations running affected versions must immediately upgrade Frappe ERPNext to version 15.112.0 or later, or version 16.23.0 and above, where these configuration fields have been hardened with strict allow-listing mechanisms for outbound destinations. In addition to patching, it is advisable to implement network-level controls such as egress filtering on the server hosting ERPNext to restrict outbound connections to only those domains and IP ranges strictly necessary for business operations. This defense-in-depth approach ensures that even if an application-layer vulnerability exists, the underlying infrastructure limits the blast radius of any potential exploitation attempts by blocking unauthorized internal access paths.