CVE-2026-109928 in OFBiz
Summary
by MITRE • 11/05/2026
Incorrect Implementation of Authentication Algorithm in the password-reset and login JWT validation in Apache OFBiz 24.09 before 24.09.08 on all platforms allows an attacker who has obtained a user's password-reset token (via email interception, log exposure, or a man-in-the-middle on the mail transport) to authenticate as that user and obtain a full, unrestricted session, including administrative access if the targeted account is an administrator, by submitting the token directly to the login endpoint instead of the intended password-change flow. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 24.09.08, which fixes this issue.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 11/05/2026
The vulnerability identified in Apache OFBiz versions prior to 24.09.08 represents a critical failure in authentication logic and session management mechanisms. Specifically, the flaw resides within the implementation of JSON Web Token validation for both password-reset workflows and standard login processes. The core technical deficiency is an incorrect implementation that fails to properly distinguish between tokens intended for different operational contexts or endpoints. This architectural oversight allows security controls designed to restrict token usage to specific flows to be bypassed entirely through endpoint manipulation rather than cryptographic breaking.
An attacker who has obtained a user's password-reset token can exploit this misconfiguration by submitting the token directly to the login endpoint instead of following the intended password-change flow where such tokens are typically validated for temporary access or credential updates only. This deviation from expected behavior allows the system to treat a reset token as a valid authentication credential, thereby granting the attacker full control over the associated user account. The operational impact is severe, as successful exploitation results in an unrestricted session that mirrors all privileges of the compromised identity. If the targeted account possesses administrative roles, this leads directly to complete compromise of the application environment and underlying infrastructure data integrity.
This vulnerability aligns with CWE-287 Improper Authentication, where the system fails to correctly verify credentials or tokens during access control decisions. Furthermore, it relates closely to CWE-613 Insufficient Session Expiration, as reset tokens often have broader lifespans than standard session cookies but are intended for limited use cases that were not properly enforced by endpoint-specific validation logic. In terms of the MITRE ATT&CK framework, this exploitation technique maps to T1078 Valid Accounts and potentially T1528 Steal Application Access Token if the token is considered an application-level credential. The attack vector typically involves initial access through email interception, log exposure, or man-in-the-middle attacks on mail transport protocols to acquire the reset token before leveraging it against the login interface.
Mitigation strategies must prioritize immediate software updates as recommended by the vendor. Upgrading Apache OFBiz to version 24.09.08 resolves this issue by correcting the validation logic to ensure that password-reset tokens are strictly bound to their designated endpoints and cannot be reused for authentication at the general login page. In environments where upgrading is not immediately feasible, temporary mitigations should include implementing strict endpoint-specific token binding in custom middleware or WAF rules if supported, ensuring that reset tokens are rejected when presented to non-password-change endpoints. Additionally, organizations should review logging mechanisms to prevent exposure of sensitive tokens and enforce secure transport protocols for email delivery to reduce the risk of initial token theft via interception.