CVE-2026-16402 in Firefox
Summary
by MITRE • 07/21/2026
Integer overflow in the Graphics: ImageLib component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 153.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/21/2026
The integer overflow vulnerability within the Graphics ImageLib component represents a critical security flaw that could potentially allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause application crashes through malformed image data processing. This type of vulnerability typically occurs when an application attempts to perform arithmetic operations that exceed the maximum value that can be stored in a given integer variable, leading to unexpected behavior and potential exploitation opportunities. The issue was specifically identified within Firefox's graphics rendering subsystem where image processing routines handle various file formats including jpeg png and other common image types.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and boundary checking within the ImageLib component responsible for parsing and rendering graphical content. When processing specially crafted image files containing maliciously constructed dimensions or metadata, the system fails to properly validate integer values before performing calculations that could result in buffer overflows or other memory corruption conditions. This flaw operates at a fundamental level where legitimate image processing operations become vectors for exploitation, particularly when dealing with images that contain oversized dimensions or corrupted headers that cause arithmetic overflow during memory allocation calculations.
From an operational perspective this vulnerability presents significant risks to Firefox users who may encounter maliciously crafted web content or file attachments that trigger the overflow condition. The attack surface extends beyond simple web browsing to include any application or system component that relies on Firefox's ImageLib for image processing, potentially affecting extensions or applications that integrate with the browser's graphics subsystem. Successful exploitation could lead to complete system compromise through code execution, denial of service conditions, or information disclosure depending on the specific implementation details and target environment.
The fix implemented in Firefox version 153 addresses this vulnerability through enhanced input validation mechanisms and robust integer overflow protection within the ImageLib component. This remediation involves implementing proper bounds checking for all arithmetic operations related to image dimension calculations and memory allocation decisions. Security patches typically follow established industry standards including cwes such as cwe 190 integer overflow and cwe 128 wrap or overflow in a signed integer operation, while also aligning with attack techniques documented in the mitre att&ck framework under techniques like execution through command injection and privilege escalation through software vulnerabilities. Organizations should prioritize immediate deployment of this update across all affected systems to prevent potential exploitation attempts targeting this specific graphics processing vulnerability.