CVE-2026-25105 in XWEB 300D PRO
Summary
by MITRE • 02/27/2026
An OS command injection
vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling an authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution on the system by injecting malicious input into parameters of the Modbus command tool in the debug route.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/01/2026
This vulnerability represents a critical operating system command injection flaw in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and earlier releases. The vulnerability specifically affects the Modbus command tool functionality within the debug route of the application, creating a pathway for authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying system. The flaw arises from insufficient input validation and sanitization mechanisms that fail to properly filter or escape user-supplied data before incorporating it into system commands. This type of vulnerability falls under the CWE-77 category, which specifically addresses command injection vulnerabilities where attacker-controlled data is executed as operating system commands.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability allows an authenticated user to manipulate parameters within the Modbus command tool interface, which then gets processed through a command execution flow without proper security controls. When the application constructs system commands using user-provided input, it fails to implement proper input validation or parameter escaping, enabling attackers to inject malicious commands that will be executed with the privileges of the application process. The debug route serves as the attack vector, providing access points where these vulnerable parameters can be manipulated to trigger the command injection. This scenario aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for command and script injection, where adversaries leverage application vulnerabilities to execute malicious commands.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe as it provides remote code execution capabilities to authenticated attackers who can leverage this flaw to gain full control over the affected system. Attackers can potentially escalate privileges, install malware, exfiltrate data, or use the compromised system as a pivot point for further attacks within the network. The vulnerability affects the integrity and confidentiality of the system, as any data processed through the Modbus command tool could be compromised. The authenticated nature of the attack means that an attacker must first obtain valid credentials, but once achieved, they can perform extensive damage without requiring additional privileges or complex attack vectors.
Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including updating to the latest version of XWEB Pro where this vulnerability has been patched, implementing proper input validation and sanitization controls, and applying network segmentation to limit access to the debug routes. The application should enforce strict parameter validation and use secure coding practices such as command parameterization or whitelisting to prevent command injection. Additionally, monitoring and logging mechanisms should be enhanced to detect suspicious command execution patterns. Security teams should also consider implementing principle of least privilege access controls to limit the scope of potential impact if such vulnerabilities are exploited. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of input validation in web applications and highlights the need for comprehensive security testing including penetration testing and code review processes to identify similar flaws in application components.