CVE-2026-4577 in Exam Form Submission
Summary
by MITRE • 03/23/2026
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Exam Form Submission 1.0. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /admin/update_s4.php. Performing a manipulation of the argument sname results in cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/10/2026
This vulnerability exists within the code-projects Exam Form Submission 1.0 web application where an insecure input handling flaw has been identified in the administrative update_s4.php file. The specific function containing the vulnerability remains unspecified but is clearly located within the admin directory structure, suggesting it handles student data updates or modifications. The flaw manifests when the sname parameter is manipulated, creating a cross-site scripting condition that allows malicious code execution in the context of the victim's browser.
The technical nature of this vulnerability aligns with CWE-79 which describes Cross-Site Scripting flaws occurring when untrusted data is improperly incorporated into web pages without proper validation or sanitization. This particular implementation likely fails to adequately filter or escape user-supplied input before rendering it within the web interface, creating an opportunity for attackers to inject malicious scripts. The remote exploitability indicates that the vulnerability can be triggered through web browser interaction without requiring local system access or physical presence.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data corruption or theft, as it provides attackers with the capability to execute arbitrary code within user sessions. This could enable session hijacking, credential theft, redirection to malicious sites, or more sophisticated attacks leveraging the victim's privileges within the application. Given that the exploit has been made public, the risk assessment increases significantly as threat actors can readily leverage existing attack vectors without requiring custom development. The administrative context of the affected file suggests that successful exploitation could provide access to sensitive examination data and potentially allow unauthorized modifications to student records or exam configurations.
Mitigation strategies should focus on implementing comprehensive input validation and output encoding mechanisms throughout the application. The most effective immediate solution involves sanitizing all user inputs including the sname parameter through proper HTML entity encoding before rendering any content. Additionally, implementing a Content Security Policy header can provide an additional layer of protection against XSS attacks by restricting script execution. Regular security code reviews should be conducted to identify similar patterns, and the application should be updated to the latest version if available. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of following secure coding practices as outlined in OWASP Top 10 and the ATT&CK framework's T1203 technique for Exploitation for Credential Access, highlighting the need for proper input validation controls. Organizations should also implement web application firewalls and monitor for suspicious parameter manipulation attempts to detect potential exploitation attempts.