CVE-2026-62316 in UFO
Summary
by MITRE • 08/22/2026
Microsoft UFO open-source framework for intelligent automation across devices and platforms. Prior to 3.0.8, ufo/client/mcp/http_servers/linux_mcp_server.py binds a FastMCP streamable HTTP server to localhost:8010 but does not validate the Host, Origin, or Sec-Fetch-Site headers. An attacker-controlled web page can use DNS rebinding to reach the local /mcp endpoint, enumerate tool schemas through tools/list, and invoke execute_command with a valid UFO_MCP_API_KEY to read files or execute allowed operating system commands as the victim's user. This issue is fixed in version 3.0.8.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/22/2026
The Microsoft UFO open-source framework provides intelligent automation capabilities across various devices and platforms, facilitating seamless interaction between different systems through a Model Context Protocol (MCP) interface. A critical security vulnerability exists within the HTTP server implementation for Linux environments prior to version 3.0.8 of the framework. Specifically, the file ufo/client/mcp/http_servers/linux_mcp_server.py initializes a FastMCP streamable HTTP server that binds strictly to localhost on port 8010. While binding to localhost is generally considered a secure practice intended to restrict access to local processes only, this specific implementation fails to enforce strict origin validation mechanisms for incoming requests. The absence of checks against the Host, Origin, and Sec-Fetch-Site headers creates a significant security gap that undermines the isolation boundary typically provided by loopback addressing.
This technical flaw enables an attacker-controlled web page to exploit DNS rebinding techniques to bypass local network restrictions. By manipulating Domain Name System responses during the connection process, an adversary can trick the victim's browser into believing it is communicating with a trusted localhost origin while actually sending requests from a malicious external domain. Once this trust boundary is breached via DNS rebinding, the attacker gains access to the /mcp endpoint running on port 8010. The vulnerability allows for the enumeration of available tool schemas through the tools/list API call, providing insight into the capabilities exposed by the UFO framework instance. This reconnaissance phase is critical as it reveals which operations are permissible and how they can be invoked programmatically.
The operational impact escalates significantly when combined with credential availability. If an attacker possesses a valid UFO_MCP_API_KEY, either through prior compromise or social engineering, they can leverage this authentication token to invoke the execute_command function via the MCP interface. This capability allows for arbitrary command execution on the victim's operating system as the user running the UFO application. Consequently, attackers can read sensitive local files, exfiltrate data, or perform other malicious actions that rely on OS-level permissions granted to the compromised process. The combination of unvalidated headers and accessible API endpoints transforms a seemingly isolated service into a remote code execution vector under specific conditions involving DNS rebinding and credential theft.
From an industry standards perspective, this vulnerability aligns with CWE-346, which describes the Origin Unchecked Condition for Cross-Site Request Forgery, as well as CWE-918 regarding Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) where client-side controls are insufficient to prevent malicious requests from reaching internal resources. In terms of the MITRE ATT&CK framework, this exploit path relates to T1071 Application Layer Protocol for command and control communication and potentially T1556 if used in conjunction with credential access techniques like T1552 Unsecured Credentials or T1098 Account Manipulation depending on how the API key was obtained. The failure to validate standard HTTP security headers represents a common misconfiguration in web services that assume loopback binding provides sufficient protection without additional application-layer defenses.
To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations and developers must upgrade immediately to version 3.0.8 or later of the Microsoft UFO framework where these header validation checks have been implemented. For environments unable to update promptly, it is advisable to restrict network access to port 8010 using firewall rules that block external traffic from reaching localhost interfaces, although this may not fully mitigate DNS rebinding attacks if they originate from within trusted networks or browser contexts. Additionally, implementing strict Content Security Policy headers and ensuring that API keys are stored securely with minimal privileges can reduce the blast radius of such an exploit. Regular security audits focusing on cross-origin resource sharing policies and header validation logic should be conducted to prevent similar misconfigurations in other services exposed via local interfaces.