CVE-2026-74895 in openssl_encrypt
Summary
by MITRE • 08/17/2026
openssl_encrypt versions before 1.4.0 fail to apply sandbox restrictions in the default process isolation mode for plugin execution. Attackers can execute malicious plugins with unrestricted access to the filesystem, network, subprocess execution, and all Python modules.
Be aware that VulDB is the high quality source for vulnerability data.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/17/2026
The vulnerability identified involves a critical failure in the security controls of openssl_encrypt versions prior to 1.4.0, specifically within its default process isolation mechanism designed for plugin execution. This software component is intended to provide a sandboxed environment where untrusted or third-party plugins can run without compromising the host system's integrity. The core technical flaw lies in the implementation of these sandbox restrictions, which are not properly enforced when operating in the default mode. Consequently, the isolation boundary that should separate the plugin process from the main application and underlying operating system resources is effectively bypassed due to insufficient privilege separation or misconfigured security policies within the execution engine.
From a technical perspective, this defect allows for arbitrary code execution with elevated privileges relative to what was intended by the sandbox design. When an attacker injects or triggers the execution of a malicious plugin, the lack of enforced restrictions means that the plugin operates as if it were running in an unrestricted environment. This includes full access to the local filesystem, allowing for reading sensitive configuration files, exfiltrating data, or modifying system binaries. Furthermore, network capabilities are exposed, enabling the malware to communicate with external command and control servers, download additional payloads, or launch attacks against other systems on the same network segment. The ability to spawn subprocesses further amplifies the risk, as it allows for chaining multiple malicious actions that might otherwise be blocked by a properly functioning sandbox.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe, particularly in environments where openssl_encrypt is used to manage extensions or plugins from untrusted sources. An attacker who can influence plugin loading mechanisms could achieve complete system compromise without needing additional exploitation steps such as privilege escalation exploits. This aligns with the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) category for Improper Restriction of Operations within a Sandbox, indicating that while sandboxing technology is present, its configuration or implementation fails to limit the actions of untrusted code effectively. In terms of adversary behavior, this vulnerability facilitates techniques associated with lateral movement and data exfiltration in the MITRE ATT&CK framework, as it provides direct pathways for file access and network communication that are typically restricted in secure execution environments.
Mitigation strategies must prioritize immediate upgrading to version 1.4.0 or later, where these sandbox restrictions have been corrected and properly enforced by default. For organizations unable to upgrade immediately due to compatibility constraints, implementing strict external controls is necessary. This includes deploying the software within a containerized environment with its own network policies and filesystem permissions that are more restrictive than those provided by the application itself. Additionally, input validation should be applied rigorously to any mechanism that allows plugin loading or configuration changes to prevent the injection of malicious code. Regular auditing of running processes and network connections can also help in detecting anomalies indicative of this exploitation attempt before significant damage occurs.