CVE-2026-75307 in zhitan-ems
Summary
by MITRE • 09/09/2026
zhitan-ems 1.0.0 is vulnerable to Cross Site Scripting (XSS) via SVG file upload through the /equipmentFile/upload endpoint.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/09/2026
The vulnerability identified in Zhitan EMS version 1.0.0 represents a classic instance of stored or reflected cross-site scripting, specifically facilitated by improper validation and sanitization mechanisms during file uploads. The attack vector targets the /equipmentFile/upload endpoint, which is designed to accept various media files for equipment documentation or visual aids within the energy management system interface. In this specific scenario, an attacker can bypass standard file extension checks by uploading a maliciously crafted SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) file that contains embedded JavaScript code rather than just valid vector drawing instructions. This flaw stems from insufficient server-side validation of the content type and lack of strict allow-listing for permitted tags within uploaded files, allowing executable scripts to persist in the application's data store or be rendered directly back to users without sanitization.
From a technical perspective, SVG files are XML-based formats that support scripting capabilities through elements such as script tags or event handlers like onload. When an administrator or authorized user views the uploaded equipment file within the web interface, the browser parses the SVG content and executes any embedded JavaScript payloads present in the source code. This execution occurs within the context of the victim's session, granting the attacker the ability to perform actions on behalf of the user, steal sensitive cookies or authentication tokens, redirect users to phishing sites, or deface the application interface. The severity is compounded by the fact that SVG files are often treated as safe image formats by many web applications and browsers, leading developers to overlook the potential for script injection within this specific file type compared to more obvious vectors like HTML forms.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple session hijacking or UI defacement. Since Zhitan EMS is an industrial energy management system, it likely handles critical infrastructure data and controls sensitive operational parameters. An attacker leveraging this XSS flaw could potentially manipulate the user interface to trick administrators into executing unintended commands via CSRF-like interactions facilitated by JavaScript DOM manipulation. Furthermore, if the application stores these files in a publicly accessible directory or serves them with insufficient Content-Type headers that force browser execution of scripts within images, the attack surface expands significantly. This can lead to unauthorized access to internal network resources, data exfiltration of proprietary energy consumption patterns, and potential disruption of industrial operations depending on the integration level of the EMS with other control systems.
This vulnerability aligns closely with CWE-79, which describes Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation known as Cross-site Scripting. It also maps to MITRE ATT&CK technique T1059.007, specifically JavaScript execution within a browser environment, and potentially T1189 if the attacker uses drive-by download tactics or phishing pages hosted via the compromised application. The failure lies in the input validation layer where the system accepts user-supplied data without adequately sanitizing special characters that could trigger script execution. To mitigate this risk, developers must implement strict allow-listing for file uploads, ensuring only specific non-executable image formats are accepted and that SVG files undergo rigorous content inspection to strip out any scripting elements such as <script>, onload, or onerror attributes. Additionally, setting the Content-Disposition header to attachment rather than inline can prevent direct browser rendering of uploaded files, forcing users to download them before viewing, thereby isolating execution from the application context. Implementing a robust Content Security Policy (CSP) with strict script-src directives further limits the impact by preventing unauthorized scripts from executing even if they are injected into the DOM.