CVE-2026-77012 in 数据采集采集和发布 Plugin
Summary
by MITRE • 08/29/2026
The 爱采集数据采集和发布插件 WordPress plugin through 1.0.0 does not require a per-install secret for one of its unauthenticated endpoints, relying on a hardcoded default, and does not validate the URLs or destination paths it is given, allowing unauthenticated attackers to read arbitrary files from the server, force it to issue arbitrary requests and retrieve the responses, and write attacker-supplied content outside the uploads directory.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/29/2026
The vulnerability identified in the Ai Caiji Data Collection and Publishing plugin for WordPress versions up to 1.0.0 represents a critical failure in input validation and authentication mechanisms within an unauthenticated endpoint. This flaw allows remote attackers who are not logged into the WordPress administration area to interact with sensitive functionality of the plugin without providing valid credentials or unique installation-specific secrets. The core issue stems from the reliance on a hardcoded default secret for one specific API endpoint rather than generating a dynamic, per-installation key that changes upon each deployment. This static configuration means that any attacker aware of this default value can craft requests to trigger the affected functionality, bypassing intended access controls entirely.
From a technical perspective, the vulnerability manifests through three distinct attack vectors enabled by insufficient input sanitization and validation. First, the application fails to validate URLs provided as parameters in API calls. This lack of restriction allows attackers to supply arbitrary Uniform Resource Locators, causing the server-side script to issue HTTP requests on behalf of the attacker to internal or external destinations. By controlling both the target URL and potentially headers within these forged requests, an attacker can perform Server-Side Request Forgery operations. Second, the plugin does not validate destination paths when writing files. This oversight permits path traversal attacks where attackers specify file locations outside the intended uploads directory structure. Consequently, arbitrary content supplied by the attacker can be written to any location on the server filesystem for which the web process has write permissions. Third, the combination of these flaws facilitates Arbitrary File Read operations. By manipulating parameters that control data retrieval or processing, an unauthenticated user can cause the application to read and return the contents of sensitive files from the server, such as configuration files containing database credentials or other secrets.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe due to its unauthenticated nature and broad scope. An attacker with no prior access to the WordPress site can achieve Remote Code Execution by writing a malicious PHP script to a web-accessible directory via the file write flaw, then executing it through subsequent requests. Alternatively, even without direct code execution, the ability to read arbitrary files compromises confidentiality by exposing sensitive configuration data, source code, and potentially user credentials stored in plaintext or weakly hashed formats. The Server-Side Request Forgery capability allows attackers to pivot from this initial access point into internal network segments that are not directly exposed to the internet, facilitating further reconnaissance or attacks against backend services such as databases or internal APIs. This effectively turns a standard WordPress installation into an open proxy and file system manipulation tool for malicious actors.
In terms of industry classification standards, this vulnerability aligns with CWE-284 Improper Access Control due to the lack of authentication requirements on sensitive endpoints. The ability to read arbitrary files corresponds directly to CWE-200 Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor and CWE-97 Improper Neutralization of Injection Elements in Web Headers which facilitates SSRF. The file write vulnerability is categorized under CWE-436 Interpretation Error, as the system fails to correctly interpret user-supplied path data, leading to arbitrary file creation or modification outside safe boundaries. From a tactical perspective within the MITRE ATT&CK framework for Enterprise, this behavior maps to T1505.003 Web Shell: File Upload and T1504 Weak or Missing Authentication, as well as T1071 Application Layer Protocol if used for exfiltration via SSRF channels.
Mitigation strategies must address both the immediate technical flaws and broader security hygiene practices. The most effective remediation is to upgrade the Ai Caiji plugin to a version that has patched these vulnerabilities by implementing proper authentication checks on all sensitive endpoints and enforcing strict input validation for URLs and file paths. If an update is not immediately available, administrators should disable or uninstall the plugin if its functionality is not strictly required. Additionally, web application firewalls can be configured to block requests containing common path traversal sequences such as dot-dot-slash in parameters associated with this plugin’s endpoints. Server-level configurations should also restrict write permissions for the WordPress uploads directory and other critical directories to prevent arbitrary file writes even if validation fails. Regular auditing of installed plugins against known vulnerability databases is essential to maintain a secure posture, ensuring that unauthenticated access vectors are identified and closed before they can be exploited by automated scanning tools or targeted attackers.