CVE-2026-91526 in BI Publisher
Summary
by MITRE • 10/21/2026
Vulnerability in the Oracle BI Publisher product of Oracle Analytics (component: Web Server). Supported versions that are affected are 8.2.0.0.0, 12.2.1.4.0 and 26.01.0.0.0. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle BI Publisher. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker and while the vulnerability is in Oracle BI Publisher, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle BI Publisher accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle BI Publisher accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.7 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/21/2026
The identified vulnerability resides within the Web Server component of Oracle BI Publisher, a core element of the Oracle Analytics suite. This flaw affects specific legacy and current versions including 8.2.0.0.0, 12.2.1.4.0, and 26.01.0.0.0. The nature of this vulnerability is characterized by its difficulty to exploit, which stems from the requirement for human interaction beyond the initial network access provided to an unauthenticated attacker. While the attack vector is remote via HTTP, making it accessible over a network without prior authentication credentials, the exploitation process is not fully automated or trivial. It necessitates that a victim user, distinct from the attacker, performs specific actions within the application interface. This social engineering aspect significantly raises the barrier to entry for potential adversaries but does not eliminate the risk entirely, particularly in environments where users may be prone to clicking malicious links or interacting with crafted content delivered through legitimate-looking channels associated with Oracle BI Publisher services.
From a technical perspective, this vulnerability allows an unauthenticated actor who has network access via HTTP to compromise the integrity and confidentiality of data within the Oracle BI Publisher environment. The successful exploitation leads to unauthorized read access for a subset of accessible data and unauthorized update, insert, or delete operations on other portions of that same dataset. This dual impact indicates that the flaw likely involves improper validation or handling of user-supplied input in a way that bypasses intended security controls when triggered by another user's interaction. The scope change noted in the description suggests that while the vulnerability is technically located within Oracle BI Publisher, its exploitation can have cascading effects on additional products integrated with or dependent upon this component. This lateral impact amplifies the severity of the issue beyond a simple isolated application flaw, potentially exposing broader organizational data assets to compromise if the integration points are not properly segmented or secured.
The operational impact is quantified by a CVSS 3.1 Base Score of 4.7, which classifies this as a Medium severity vulnerability. The vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N) highlights several critical attributes. Attack Vector Network indicates remote exploitability over TCP/IP networks. High Attack Complexity reflects the difficulty in exploiting the flaw, likely due to specific environmental conditions or timing requirements. No Required Privileges confirms that no initial login is needed for the attacker, while Requires User Interaction underscores the social engineering component necessary for successful exploitation. The Scope Change value of C indicates that a vulnerability in one component can affect resources outside its security scope, such as other applications sharing backend databases or authentication systems. Low Confidentiality and Integrity impacts suggest that while full system takeover is not immediate, sensitive data exposure and data manipulation are possible outcomes. Availability remains unaffected according to the vector, meaning service disruption is not a primary concern for this specific flaw.
In terms of industry standards classification, this vulnerability aligns with CWE-79 Cross-site Scripting or potentially CWE-20 Improper Input Validation depending on the exact mechanism used to trick the user and manipulate data. The requirement for human interaction places it within the realm of social engineering attacks often associated with ATT&CK technique T1566 Phishing, where an attacker lures a victim into performing actions that facilitate further compromise. Additionally, if the vulnerability involves manipulating session states or request parameters without proper validation, it may also relate to CWE-287 Improper Authentication or CWE-918 Server-Side Request Forgery principles in how requests are processed by the web server component of BI Publisher. The unauthorized data access maps directly to ATT&CK techniques involving Data Exfiltration and Data Manipulation, specifically T1005 Data from Local System or T1074 Data Staged if intermediate storage is involved before exfiltration.
Mitigation strategies must address both the technical flaw and the human element required for exploitation. Oracle should apply the latest security patches to all affected versions of BI Publisher immediately. Since the vulnerability requires user interaction, organizations should implement strict access controls and network segmentation to limit HTTP exposure to only necessary personnel who require direct interaction with the BI Publisher interface. Implementing Web Application Firewalls can help detect and block malicious payloads that attempt to exploit this flaw by filtering out suspicious input patterns before they reach the application server. User awareness training is equally critical; employees should be educated on recognizing phishing attempts or social engineering tactics designed to trick them into interacting with compromised reports, dashboards, or links within BI Publisher. Regular audits of user permissions and data access logs can help identify anomalous activities that may indicate an attempted exploitation of this vulnerability. Finally, ensuring that all integrated products sharing the same backend resources are also patched and configured securely will mitigate the scope change impact, preventing attackers from leveraging a single point of failure to compromise broader organizational infrastructure.