WPA2 PTK-TK Handshake KRACK nonce re-use

CVSS Meta Temp Score
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CTI Interest Score
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5.4$0-$5k0.00

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability described as critical has been identified in WPA2. Impacted is an unknown function of the component PTK-TK Handshake Handler. Such manipulation leads to nonce re-use (KRACK). This vulnerability is uniquely identified as CVE-2017-13077. The attack can be executed directly on the physical device. No exploit exists. This vulnerability has historical importance owing to its background and reception. Upgrading the affected component is recommended.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability was found in WPA2 (unknown version). It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is an unknown code block of the component PTK-TK Handshake Handler. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a nonce re-use vulnerability (KRACK). Using CWE to declare the problem leads to CWE-323. Nonces should be used for the present occasion and only once. Impacted is confidentiality, integrity, and availability. CVE summarizes:

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA and WPA2) allows reinstallation of the Pairwise Transient Key (PTK) Temporal Key (TK) during the four-way handshake, allowing an attacker within radio range to replay, decrypt, or spoof frames.

The bug was discovered 10/16/2017. The weakness was disclosed 10/16/2017 by Mathy Vanhoef as confirmed paper (Website). The advisory is available at papers.mathyvanhoef.com. The vendor was not involved in the coordination of the public release. The paper contains:

Our research paper behind the attack is titled Key Reinstallation Attacks: Forcing Nonce Reuse in WPA2 and will be presented at the Computer and Communications Security (CCS) conference on Wednesday 1 November 2017.
This vulnerability is handled as CVE-2017-13077 since 08/22/2017. Local access is required to approach this attack. No form of authentication is required for exploitation. The technical details are unknown and an exploit is not available. The structure of the vulnerability defines a possible price range of USD $0-$5k at the moment (estimation calculated on 01/03/2023). This vulnerability is assigned to T1600.001 by the MITRE ATT&CK project. This vulnerability has a historic impact due to its background and reception. The advisory points out:
We discovered serious weaknesses in WPA2, a protocol that secures all modern protected Wi-Fi networks. An attacker within range of a victim can exploit these weaknesses using key reinstallation attacks (KRACKs). Concretely, attackers can use this novel attack technique to read information that was previously assumed to be safely encrypted. This can be abused to steal sensitive information such as credit card numbers, passwords, chat messages, emails, photos, and so on. The attack works against all modern protected Wi-Fi networks. Depending on the network configuration, it is also possible to inject and manipulate data. For example, an attacker might be able to inject ransomware or other malware into websites.

As 0-day the estimated underground price was around $0-$5k. The vulnerability scanner Nessus provides a plugin with the ID 103855 (ArubaOS WPA2 Key Reinstallation Vulnerabilities (KRACK)), which helps to determine the existence of the flaw in a target environment. It is assigned to the family Misc. and running in the context r. The commercial vulnerability scanner Qualys is able to test this issue with plugin 176821 (Debian Security Update for firmware-nonfree (DLA 1573-1)). The advisory illustrates:

As a proof-of-concept we executed a key reinstallation attack against an Android smartphone. In this demonstration, the attacker is able to decrypt all data that the victim transmits. For an attacker this is easy to accomplish, because our key reinstallation attack is exceptionally devastating against Linux and Android 6.0 or higher.

Upgrading eliminates this vulnerability. A possible mitigation has been published immediately after the disclosure of the vulnerability.

The vulnerability is also documented in the databases at Tenable (103855) and SecurityFocus (BID 101274†). krackattacks.com is providing further details. The entries VDB-80765, VDB-81483, VDB-81521 and VDB-99400 are pretty similar. If you want to get best quality of vulnerability data, you may have to visit VulDB.

Productinfo

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CPE 2.3info

CPE 2.2info

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CVSSv4info

VulDB Vector: 🔍
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 5.5
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 5.4

VulDB Base Score: 4.3
VulDB Temp Score: 4.1
VulDB Vector: 🔍
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

NVD Base Score: 6.8
NVD Vector: 🔍

CVSSv2info

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VectorComplexityAuthenticationConfidentialityIntegrityAvailability
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VulDB Base Score: 🔍
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Exploitinginfo

Name: KRACK
Class: Nonce re-use / KRACK
CWE: CWE-323
CAPEC: 🔍
ATT&CK: 🔍

Physical: Yes
Local: Yes
Remote: Partially

Availability: 🔍
Status: Not defined

EPSS Score: 🔍
EPSS Percentile: 🔍

Price Prediction: 🔍
Current Price Estimation: 🔍

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Nessus ID: 103855
Nessus Name: ArubaOS WPA2 Key Reinstallation Vulnerabilities (KRACK)
Nessus File: 🔍
Nessus Risk: 🔍
Nessus Family: 🔍
Nessus Context: 🔍

OpenVAS ID: 53378
OpenVAS Name: Debian Security Advisory DSA 3999-1 (wpa - security update)
OpenVAS File: 🔍
OpenVAS Family: 🔍

Qualys ID: 🔍
Qualys Name: 🔍

Threat Intelligenceinfo

Interest: 🔍
Active Actors: 🔍
Active APT Groups: 🔍

Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: Upgrade
Status: 🔍

Reaction Time: 🔍
0-Day Time: 🔍
Exposure Time: 🔍

Timelineinfo

08/22/2017 🔍
10/16/2017 +55 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
01/03/2023 +1905 days 🔍

Sourcesinfo

Advisory: RHSA-2017:2907
Researcher: Mathy Vanhoef
Status: Confirmed
Confirmation: 🔍

CVE: CVE-2017-13077 (🔍)
GCVE (CVE): GCVE-0-2017-13077
GCVE (VulDB): GCVE-100-107882

OVAL: 🔍

CERT: 🔍
SecurityFocus: 101274 - WPA2 Key Reinstallation Multiple Security Weaknesses
SecurityTracker: 1039573

Misc.: 🔍
See also: 🔍

Entryinfo

Created: 10/16/2017 18:10
Updated: 01/03/2023 15:52
Changes: 10/16/2017 18:10 (81), 11/25/2019 14:50 (8), 01/17/2021 07:52 (3), 01/03/2023 15:52 (3)
Complete: 🔍
Cache ID: 216::103

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