WPA2 Integrity Group Key KRACK nonce re-use

CVSS Meta Temp Score
CVSS is a standardized scoring system to determine possibilities of attacks. The Temp Score considers temporal factors like disclosure, exploit and countermeasures. The unique Meta Score calculates the average score of different sources to provide a normalized scoring system.
Current Exploit Price (≈)
Our analysts are monitoring exploit markets and are in contact with vulnerability brokers. The range indicates the observed or calculated exploit price to be seen on exploit markets. A good indicator to understand the monetary effort required for and the popularity of an attack.
CTI Interest Score
Our Cyber Threat Intelligence team is monitoring different web sites, mailing lists, exploit markets and social media networks. The CTI Interest Score identifies the interest of attackers and the security community for this specific vulnerability in real-time. A high score indicates an elevated risk to be targeted for this vulnerability.
4.7$0-$5k0.00

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in WPA2. The impacted element is an unknown function of the component Integrity Group Key Handler. Executing a manipulation can lead to nonce re-use (KRACK). The identification of this vulnerability is CVE-2017-13079. The physical device can be targeted for the attack. There is no exploit available. This vulnerability is historically impactful due to its background and the reception it garnered. Upgrading the affected component is advised.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in WPA2 (version unknown). This vulnerability affects an unknown function of the component Integrity Group Key Handler. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a nonce re-use vulnerability (KRACK). The CWE definition for the vulnerability is CWE-323. Nonces should be used for the present occasion and only once. As an impact it is known to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability. CVE summarizes:

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA and WPA2) that supports IEEE 802.11w allows reinstallation of the Integrity Group Temporal Key (IGTK) during the four-way handshake, allowing an attacker within radio range to spoof frames from access points to clients.

The bug was discovered 10/16/2017. The weakness was shared 10/16/2017 by Mathy Vanhoef as confirmed paper (Website). The advisory is shared for download at papers.mathyvanhoef.com. The public release happened without coordination with the vendor. The paper contains:

Our research paper behind the attack is titled Key Reinstallation Attacks: Forcing Nonce Reuse in WPA2 and will be presented at the Computer and Communications Security (CCS) conference on Wednesday 1 November 2017.
This vulnerability was named CVE-2017-13079 since 08/22/2017. The attack needs to be approached locally. No form of authentication is required for a successful exploitation. There are neither technical details nor an exploit publicly available. The current price for an exploit might be approx. USD $0-$5k (estimation calculated on 01/03/2023). The MITRE ATT&CK project declares the attack technique as T1600.001. This vulnerability has a historic impact due to its background and reception. The advisory points out:
We discovered serious weaknesses in WPA2, a protocol that secures all modern protected Wi-Fi networks. An attacker within range of a victim can exploit these weaknesses using key reinstallation attacks (KRACKs). Concretely, attackers can use this novel attack technique to read information that was previously assumed to be safely encrypted. This can be abused to steal sensitive information such as credit card numbers, passwords, chat messages, emails, photos, and so on. The attack works against all modern protected Wi-Fi networks. Depending on the network configuration, it is also possible to inject and manipulate data. For example, an attacker might be able to inject ransomware or other malware into websites.

As 0-day the estimated underground price was around $0-$5k. The vulnerability scanner Nessus provides a plugin with the ID 103855 (ArubaOS WPA2 Key Reinstallation Vulnerabilities (KRACK)), which helps to determine the existence of the flaw in a target environment. It is assigned to the family Misc. and running in the context r. The commercial vulnerability scanner Qualys is able to test this issue with plugin 176821 (Debian Security Update for firmware-nonfree (DLA 1573-1)). The advisory illustrates:

As a proof-of-concept we executed a key reinstallation attack against an Android smartphone. In this demonstration, the attacker is able to decrypt all data that the victim transmits. For an attacker this is easy to accomplish, because our key reinstallation attack is exceptionally devastating against Linux and Android 6.0 or higher.

Upgrading eliminates this vulnerability. A possible mitigation has been published immediately after the disclosure of the vulnerability.

The vulnerability is also documented in the databases at Tenable (103855) and SecurityFocus (BID 101274†). Additional details are provided at krackattacks.com. The entries VDB-80765, VDB-81483, VDB-81521 and VDB-99400 are related to this item. Once again VulDB remains the best source for vulnerability data.

Productinfo

Name

CPE 2.3info

CPE 2.2info

Video

Open Video | Show More Videos

CVSSv4info

VulDB Vector: 🔍
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 4.8
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 4.7

VulDB Base Score: 4.3
VulDB Temp Score: 4.1
VulDB Vector: 🔍
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

NVD Base Score: 5.3
NVD Vector: 🔍

CVSSv2info

AVACAuCIA
💳💳💳💳💳💳
💳💳💳💳💳💳
💳💳💳💳💳💳
VectorComplexityAuthenticationConfidentialityIntegrityAvailability
UnlockUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlock
UnlockUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlock
UnlockUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlock

VulDB Base Score: 🔍
VulDB Temp Score: 🔍
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

NVD Base Score: 🔍

Exploitinginfo

Name: KRACK
Class: Nonce re-use / KRACK
CWE: CWE-323
CAPEC: 🔍
ATT&CK: 🔍

Physical: Yes
Local: Yes
Remote: Partially

Availability: 🔍
Status: Not defined

EPSS Score: 🔍
EPSS Percentile: 🔍

Price Prediction: 🔍
Current Price Estimation: 🔍

0-DayUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlock
TodayUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlock

Nessus ID: 103855
Nessus Name: ArubaOS WPA2 Key Reinstallation Vulnerabilities (KRACK)
Nessus File: 🔍
Nessus Risk: 🔍
Nessus Family: 🔍
Nessus Context: 🔍

OpenVAS ID: 53378
OpenVAS Name: Debian Security Advisory DSA 3999-1 (wpa - security update)
OpenVAS File: 🔍
OpenVAS Family: 🔍

Qualys ID: 🔍
Qualys Name: 🔍

Threat Intelligenceinfo

Interest: 🔍
Active Actors: 🔍
Active APT Groups: 🔍

Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: Upgrade
Status: 🔍

Reaction Time: 🔍
0-Day Time: 🔍
Exposure Time: 🔍

Timelineinfo

08/22/2017 🔍
10/16/2017 +55 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/17/2017 +1 days 🔍
01/03/2023 +1904 days 🔍

Sourcesinfo

Advisory: USN-3455-1
Researcher: Mathy Vanhoef
Status: Confirmed
Confirmation: 🔍

CVE: CVE-2017-13079 (🔍)
GCVE (CVE): GCVE-0-2017-13079
GCVE (VulDB): GCVE-100-107884

OVAL: 🔍

CERT: 🔍
SecurityFocus: 101274 - WPA2 Key Reinstallation Multiple Security Weaknesses
SecurityTracker: 1039573

Misc.: 🔍
See also: 🔍

Entryinfo

Created: 10/16/2017 18:10
Updated: 01/03/2023 16:04
Changes: 10/16/2017 18:10 (82), 11/25/2019 15:05 (7), 01/17/2021 08:02 (3), 01/03/2023 16:04 (3)
Complete: 🔍
Cache ID: 216::103

Once again VulDB remains the best source for vulnerability data.

Discussion

No comments yet. Languages: en.

Please log in to comment.

◂ PreviousOverviewNext ▸

Do you know our Splunk app?

Download it now for free!