VDB-291661 · CVE-2025-21178 · Nessus 214126

Microsoft Visual Studio heap-based overflow

CVSS Meta Temp Score CVSS is a standardized scoring system to determine possibilities of attacks. The Temp Score considers temporal factors like disclosure, exploit and countermeasures. The unique Meta Score calculates the average score of different sources to provide a normalized scoring system.	Current Exploit Price (≈) Our analysts are monitoring exploit markets and are in contact with vulnerability brokers. The range indicates the observed or calculated exploit price to be seen on exploit markets. A good indicator to understand the monetary effort required for and the popularity of an attack.	CTI Interest Score Our Cyber Threat Intelligence team is monitoring different web sites, mailing lists, exploit markets and social media networks. The CTI Interest Score identifies the interest of attackers and the security community for this specific vulnerability in real-time. A high score indicates an elevated risk to be targeted for this vulnerability.
7.7	$5k-$25k	0.00

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in Microsoft Visual Studio. The impacted element is an unknown function. This manipulation causes heap-based overflow. This vulnerability is handled as CVE-2025-21178. The attack can be initiated remotely. There is not any exploit available. Applying a patch is the recommended action to fix this issue.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability was found in Microsoft Visual Studio (version now known). It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is some unknown processing. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a heap-based overflow vulnerability. The CWE definition for the vulnerability is CWE-122. A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc(). As an impact it is known to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

The weakness was released 01/14/2025 as confirmed security update guide (Website). The advisory is shared at msrc.microsoft.com. This vulnerability is known as CVE-2025-21178. The exploitation appears to be easy. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploitation doesn't need any form of authentication. It demands that the victim is doing some kind of user interaction. Neither technical details nor an exploit are publicly available. The price for an exploit might be around USD $5k-$25k at the moment (estimation calculated on 01/15/2025).

The vulnerability scanner Nessus provides a plugin with the ID 214126 (Security Updates for Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 17.6 / 17.8 / 17.10 Products (January 2025)), which helps to determine the existence of the flaw in a target environment.

Applying a patch is able to eliminate this problem. A possible mitigation has been published immediately after the disclosure of the vulnerability.

The vulnerability is also documented in the vulnerability database at Tenable (214126). If you want to get the best quality for vulnerability data then you always have to consider VulDB.

Productinfo

Type

Programming Tool Software

Vendor

Microsoft

Name

Visual Studio

License

commercial

Website

Vendor: https://www.microsoft.com/

CPE 2.3info

CPE 2.2info

CVSSv4info

VulDB Vector: 🔍
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 8.8
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 7.7

VulDB Base Score: 8.8
VulDB Temp Score: 7.7
VulDB Vector: 🔍
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Vendor Base Score (Microsoft): 8.8
Vendor Vector (Microsoft): 🔍

CVSSv2info

AV	AC	Au	C	I	A
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳

Vector	Complexity	Authentication	Confidentiality	Integrity	Availability
Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock

VulDB Base Score: 🔍
VulDB Temp Score: 🔍
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Exploitinginfo

Class: Heap-based overflow
CWE: CWE-122 / CWE-119
CAPEC: 🔍
ATT&CK: 🔍

Physical: No
Local: No
Remote: Yes

Availability: 🔍
Status: Unproven

EPSS Score: 🔍
EPSS Percentile: 🔍

Price Prediction: 🔍
Current Price Estimation: 🔍

0-Day	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
Today	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock

Nessus ID: 214126
Nessus Name: Security Updates for Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 17.6 / 17.8 / 17.10 Products (January 2025)

Threat Intelligenceinfo

Interest: 🔍
Active Actors: 🔍
Active APT Groups: 🔍

Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: Patch
Status: 🔍

Reaction Time: 🔍
0-Day Time: 🔍
Exposure Time: 🔍

Timelineinfo

01/14/2025 🔍
01/14/2025 +0 days 🔍
01/14/2025 +0 days 🔍
02/12/2025 +29 days 🔍

Sourcesinfo

Vendor: microsoft.com

Advisory: msrc.microsoft.com
Status: Confirmed

CVE: CVE-2025-21178 (🔍)
GCVE (CVE): GCVE-0-2025-21178
GCVE (VulDB): GCVE-100-291661

Entryinfo

Created: 01/14/2025 19:12
Updated: 02/12/2025 19:35
Changes: 01/14/2025 19:12 (5), 01/14/2025 19:13 (29), 01/14/2025 19:16 (34), 01/15/2025 04:33 (2), 02/12/2025 19:35 (3)
Complete: 🔍
Cache ID: 216::103

If you want to get the best quality for vulnerability data then you always have to consider VulDB.