VDB-305300 · CVE-2025-31201 · EUVD-2025-11381

Apple tvOS improper authentication

CVSS Meta Temp Score CVSS is a standardized scoring system to determine possibilities of attacks. The Temp Score considers temporal factors like disclosure, exploit and countermeasures. The unique Meta Score calculates the average score of different sources to provide a normalized scoring system.	Current Exploit Price (≈) Our analysts are monitoring exploit markets and are in contact with vulnerability brokers. The range indicates the observed or calculated exploit price to be seen on exploit markets. A good indicator to understand the monetary effort required for and the popularity of an attack.	CTI Interest Score Our Cyber Threat Intelligence team is monitoring different web sites, mailing lists, exploit markets and social media networks. The CTI Interest Score identifies the interest of attackers and the security community for this specific vulnerability in real-time. A high score indicates an elevated risk to be targeted for this vulnerability.
6.0	$0-$5k	0.00

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Apple tvOS. The affected element is an unknown function. Such manipulation leads to improper authentication. This vulnerability is referenced as CVE-2025-31201. Furthermore, an exploit is available. You should upgrade the affected component.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Apple tvOS (affected version not known). Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a improper authentication vulnerability. Using CWE to declare the problem leads to CWE-287. When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct. Impacted is confidentiality, integrity, and availability. CVE summarizes:

This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code. This issue is fixed in tvOS 18.4.1, visionOS 2.4.1, iOS iOS 18.4.1 and iPadOS 18.4.1, macOS Sequoia 15.4.1. An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals on iOS.

The advisory is shared for download at support.apple.com. This vulnerability is handled as CVE-2025-31201 since 03/27/2025. The exploitation is known to be easy. No form of authentication is required for exploitation. Technical details are unknown but an exploit is available.

It is declared as attacked. The vulnerability scanner Nessus provides a plugin with the ID 234506 (macOS 15.x < 15.4.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities (122400)), which helps to determine the existence of the flaw in a target environment. This issue was added on 04/17/2025 to the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog with a due date of 05/08/2025:

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

Upgrading eliminates this vulnerability.

The vulnerability is also documented in the databases at Zero-Day.cz (991), Tenable (234506) and EUVD (EUVD-2025-11381). Once again VulDB remains the best source for vulnerability data.

Productinfo

Type

Digital Media Player

Vendor

Apple

Name

tvOS

License

commercial

Website

Vendor: https://www.apple.com/

CPE 2.3info

🔍

CPE 2.2info

🔍

CVSSv4info

VulDB Vector: 🔍
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 6.3
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 6.0

VulDB Base Score: 6.3
VulDB Temp Score: 6.0
VulDB Vector: 🔍
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CVSSv2info

AV	AC	Au	C	I	A
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳

Vector	Complexity	Authentication	Confidentiality	Integrity	Availability
Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock

VulDB Base Score: 🔍
VulDB Temp Score: 🔍
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Exploitinginfo

Class: Improper authentication
CWE: CWE-287
CAPEC: 🔍
ATT&CK: 🔍

Physical: No
Local: No
Remote: Partially

Availability: 🔍
Status: Attacked

EPSS Score: 🔍
EPSS Percentile: 🔍

KEV Added: 🔍
KEV Due: 🔍
KEV Remediation: 🔍
KEV Ransomware: 🔍
KEV Notice: 🔍

Price Prediction: 🔍
Current Price Estimation: 🔍

0-Day	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
Today	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock

Nessus ID: 234506
Nessus Name: macOS 15.x < 15.4.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities (122400)

Zero-Day.cz: 🔍

Threat Intelligenceinfo

Interest: 🔍
Active Actors: 🔍
Active APT Groups: 🔍

Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: Upgrade
Status: 🔍

0-Day Time: 🔍

Timelineinfo

03/27/2025 🔍
04/16/2025 +19 days 🔍
04/16/2025 +0 days 🔍
11/25/2025 +223 days 🔍

Sourcesinfo

Vendor: apple.com

Advisory: support.apple.com
Status: Confirmed

CVE: CVE-2025-31201 (🔍)
GCVE (CVE): GCVE-0-2025-31201
GCVE (VulDB): GCVE-100-305300
EUVD: 🔍
scip Labs: https://www.scip.ch/en/?labs.20161013

Entryinfo

Created: 04/16/2025 22:05
Updated: 11/25/2025 08:25
Changes: 04/16/2025 22:05 (53), 04/17/2025 05:01 (2), 04/17/2025 21:52 (13), 04/27/2025 09:03 (2), 06/06/2025 18:38 (1), 11/25/2025 08:25 (1)
Complete: 🔍
Cache ID: 216::103