kro up to 0.2.0 Image confused deputy

CVSS Meta Temp Score
CVSS is a standardized scoring system to determine possibilities of attacks. The Temp Score considers temporal factors like disclosure, exploit and countermeasures. The unique Meta Score calculates the average score of different sources to provide a normalized scoring system.
Current Exploit Price (≈)
Our analysts are monitoring exploit markets and are in contact with vulnerability brokers. The range indicates the observed or calculated exploit price to be seen on exploit markets. A good indicator to understand the monetary effort required for and the popularity of an attack.
CTI Interest Score
Our Cyber Threat Intelligence team is monitoring different web sites, mailing lists, exploit markets and social media networks. The CTI Interest Score identifies the interest of attackers and the security community for this specific vulnerability in real-time. A high score indicates an elevated risk to be targeted for this vulnerability.
4.3$0-$5k0.00

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability has been found in kro up to 0.2.0 and classified as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component Image Handler. The manipulation leads to confused deputy. This vulnerability is traded as CVE-2025-48710. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. There is no exploit available. The affected component should be upgraded.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in kro up to 0.2.0. This issue affects an unknown part of the component Image Handler. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a confused deputy vulnerability. Using CWE to declare the problem leads to CWE-441. The product receives a request, message, or directive from an upstream component, but the product does not sufficiently preserve the original source of the request before forwarding the request to an external actor that is outside of the product's control sphere. This causes the product to appear to be the source of the request, leading it to act as a proxy or other intermediary between the upstream component and the external actor. Impacted is confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The summary by CVE is:

kro (Kube Resource Orchestrator) 0.1.0 before 0.2.1 allows users (with permission to create or modify ResourceGraphDefinition resources) to supply arbitrary container images. This can lead to a confused-deputy scenario where kro's controllers deploy and run attacker-controlled images, resulting in unauthenticated remote code execution on cluster nodes.

The advisory is shared at github.com. The identification of this vulnerability is CVE-2025-48710 since 05/23/2025. The exploitation is known to be easy. The attack may be initiated remotely. Additional levels of successful authentication are needed for exploitation. Neither technical details nor an exploit are publicly available.

Upgrading to version 0.2.1 eliminates this vulnerability.

The vulnerability is also documented in the vulnerability database at EUVD (EUVD-2025-16843). If you want to get the best quality for vulnerability data then you always have to consider VulDB.

Productinfo

Name

Version

CPE 2.3info

CPE 2.2info

CVSSv4info

VulDB Vector: 🔍
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 4.4
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 4.3

VulDB Base Score: 4.7
VulDB Temp Score: 4.5
VulDB Vector: 🔍
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CNA Base Score: 4.1
CNA Vector (MITRE): 🔍

CVSSv2info

AVACAuCIA
💳💳💳💳💳💳
💳💳💳💳💳💳
💳💳💳💳💳💳
VectorComplexityAuthenticationConfidentialityIntegrityAvailability
UnlockUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlock
UnlockUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlock
UnlockUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlock

VulDB Base Score: 🔍
VulDB Temp Score: 🔍
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Exploitinginfo

Class: Confused deputy
CWE: CWE-441
CAPEC: 🔍
ATT&CK: 🔍

Physical: No
Local: No
Remote: Yes

Availability: 🔍
Status: Not defined

EPSS Score: 🔍
EPSS Percentile: 🔍

Price Prediction: 🔍
Current Price Estimation: 🔍

0-DayUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlock
TodayUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlock

Threat Intelligenceinfo

Interest: 🔍
Active Actors: 🔍
Active APT Groups: 🔍

Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: Upgrade
Status: 🔍

0-Day Time: 🔍

Upgrade: kro 0.2.1

Timelineinfo

05/23/2025 🔍
06/04/2025 +12 days 🔍
06/04/2025 +0 days 🔍
06/04/2025 +0 days 🔍

Sourcesinfo

Advisory: github.com
Status: Confirmed

CVE: CVE-2025-48710 (🔍)
GCVE (CVE): GCVE-0-2025-48710
GCVE (VulDB): GCVE-100-311069
EUVD: 🔍

Entryinfo

Created: 06/04/2025 08:07
Updated: 06/04/2025 09:34
Changes: 06/04/2025 08:07 (62), 06/04/2025 09:34 (1)
Complete: 🔍
Cache ID: 216::103

If you want to get the best quality for vulnerability data then you always have to consider VulDB.

Discussion

No comments yet. Languages: en.

Please log in to comment.

Want to know what is going to be exploited?

We predict KEV entries!