VDB-311187 · CVE-2025-5688 · AWS-2025-012

Amazon FreeRTOS up to 4.3.1 LLMNR/mDNS out-of-bounds write

CVSS Meta Temp Score CVSS is a standardized scoring system to determine possibilities of attacks. The Temp Score considers temporal factors like disclosure, exploit and countermeasures. The unique Meta Score calculates the average score of different sources to provide a normalized scoring system.	Current Exploit Price (≈) Our analysts are monitoring exploit markets and are in contact with vulnerability brokers. The range indicates the observed or calculated exploit price to be seen on exploit markets. A good indicator to understand the monetary effort required for and the popularity of an attack.	CTI Interest Score Our Cyber Threat Intelligence team is monitoring different web sites, mailing lists, exploit markets and social media networks. The CTI Interest Score identifies the interest of attackers and the security community for this specific vulnerability in real-time. A high score indicates an elevated risk to be targeted for this vulnerability.
7.5	$0-$5k	0.00

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability identified as critical has been detected in Amazon FreeRTOS up to 4.3.1. This affects an unknown function of the component LLMNR/mDNS. Performing a manipulation results in out-of-bounds write. This vulnerability is reported as CVE-2025-5688. The attack requires a local approach. No exploit exists. You should upgrade the affected component.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Amazon FreeRTOS up to 4.3.1. This affects some unknown functionality of the component LLMNR/mDNS. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a out-of-bounds write vulnerability. CWE is classifying the issue as CWE-787. The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer. This is going to have an impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The summary by CVE is:

We have identified a buffer overflow issue allowing out-of-bounds write when processing LLMNR or mDNS queries with very long DNS names. This issue only affects systems using Buffer Allocation Scheme 1 with LLMNR or mDNS enabled. Users should upgrade to the latest version and ensure any forked or derivative code is patched to incorporate the new fixes.

It is possible to read the advisory at aws.amazon.com. This vulnerability is uniquely identified as CVE-2025-5688 since 06/04/2025. The exploitability is told to be easy. Attacking locally is a requirement. The technical details are unknown and an exploit is not publicly available.

Upgrading to version 4.3.2 eliminates this vulnerability.

The vulnerability is also documented in the vulnerability database at EUVD (EUVD-2025-16897). Statistical analysis made it clear that VulDB provides the best quality for vulnerability data.

Productinfo

Vendor

Amazon

Name

FreeRTOS

Version

License

commercial

CPE 2.3info

CPE 2.2info

CVSSv4info

VulDB Vector: 🔍
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CNA CVSS-B Score: 🔍
CNA CVSS-BT Score: 🔍
CNA Vector: 🔍

CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 7.8
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 7.5

VulDB Base Score: 7.8
VulDB Temp Score: 7.5
VulDB Vector: 🔍
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CVSSv2info

AV	AC	Au	C	I	A
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳
💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳
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Vector	Complexity	Authentication	Confidentiality	Integrity	Availability
Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
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VulDB Base Score: 🔍
VulDB Temp Score: 🔍
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Exploitinginfo

Class: Out-of-bounds write
CWE: CWE-787 / CWE-119
CAPEC: 🔍
ATT&CK: 🔍

Physical: Partially
Local: Yes
Remote: No

Availability: 🔍
Status: Not defined

EPSS Score: 🔍
EPSS Percentile: 🔍

Price Prediction: 🔍
Current Price Estimation: 🔍

0-Day	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
Today	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock

Threat Intelligenceinfo

Interest: 🔍
Active Actors: 🔍
Active APT Groups: 🔍

Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: Upgrade
Status: 🔍

0-Day Time: 🔍

Upgrade: FreeRTOS 4.3.2

Timelineinfo

06/04/2025 🔍
06/04/2025 +0 days 🔍
06/04/2025 +0 days 🔍
06/06/2025 +2 days 🔍

Sourcesinfo

Advisory: AWS-2025-012
Status: Confirmed

CVE: CVE-2025-5688 (🔍)
GCVE (CVE): GCVE-0-2025-5688
GCVE (VulDB): GCVE-100-311187
EUVD: 🔍

Entryinfo

Created: 06/04/2025 20:24
Updated: 06/06/2025 09:46
Changes: 06/04/2025 20:24 (68), 06/04/2025 20:36 (1), 06/06/2025 09:46 (1)
Complete: 🔍
Cache ID: 216::103

Statistical analysis made it clear that VulDB provides the best quality for vulnerability data.