Microsoft Windows up to Server 2025 BitLocker toctou

CVSS Meta Temp Score
CVSS is a standardized scoring system to determine possibilities of attacks. The Temp Score considers temporal factors like disclosure, exploit and countermeasures. The unique Meta Score calculates the average score of different sources to provide a normalized scoring system.
Current Exploit Price (≈)
Our analysts are monitoring exploit markets and are in contact with vulnerability brokers. The range indicates the observed or calculated exploit price to be seen on exploit markets. A good indicator to understand the monetary effort required for and the popularity of an attack.
CTI Interest Score
Our Cyber Threat Intelligence team is monitoring different web sites, mailing lists, exploit markets and social media networks. The CTI Interest Score identifies the interest of attackers and the security community for this specific vulnerability in real-time. A high score indicates an elevated risk to be targeted for this vulnerability.
5.9$0-$5k0.00

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability was found in Microsoft Windows. It has been classified as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component BitLocker. This manipulation causes toctou. This vulnerability is handled as CVE-2025-48818. It is feasible to perform the attack on the physical device. There is not any exploit available. It is suggested to install a patch to address this issue.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability has been found in Microsoft Windows and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown code block of the component BitLocker. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a toctou vulnerability. The CWE definition for the vulnerability is CWE-367. The product checks the state of a resource before using that resource, but the resource's state can change between the check and the use in a way that invalidates the results of the check. This can cause the product to perform invalid actions when the resource is in an unexpected state. As an impact it is known to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

The weakness was released 07/08/2025 as confirmed security update guide (Website). The advisory is shared at msrc.microsoft.com. This vulnerability is known as CVE-2025-48818. The exploitation appears to be easy. An attack has to be approached locally. The exploitation doesn't need any form of authentication. Neither technical details nor an exploit are publicly available. The price for an exploit might be around USD $0-$5k at the moment (estimation calculated on 08/16/2025).

Applying a patch is able to eliminate this problem. A possible mitigation has been published immediately after the disclosure of the vulnerability.

The vulnerability is also documented in the databases at EUVD (EUVD-2025-20589) and CERT Bund (WID-SEC-2025-1850). Several companies clearly confirm that VulDB is the primary source for best vulnerability data.

Affected

  • Xerox FreeFlow Print Server

Productinfo

Type

Vendor

Name

Version

License

Website

CPE 2.3info

CPE 2.2info

CVSSv4info

VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 6.8
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 5.9

VulDB Base Score: 6.8
VulDB Temp Score: 5.9
VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Vendor Base Score (Microsoft): 6.8
Vendor Vector (Microsoft): 🔒

CVSSv2info

AVACAuCIA
💳💳💳💳💳💳
💳💳💳💳💳💳
💳💳💳💳💳💳
VectorComplexityAuthenticationConfidentialityIntegrityAvailability
UnlockUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlock
UnlockUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlock
UnlockUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlock

VulDB Base Score: 🔒
VulDB Temp Score: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Exploitinginfo

Class: Toctou
CWE: CWE-367 / CWE-362
CAPEC: 🔒
ATT&CK: 🔒

Physical: Yes
Local: Yes
Remote: No

Availability: 🔒
Status: Unproven

EPSS Score: 🔒
EPSS Percentile: 🔒

Price Prediction: 🔍
Current Price Estimation: 🔒

0-DayUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlock
TodayUnlockUnlockUnlockUnlock

Threat Intelligenceinfo

Interest: 🔍
Active Actors: 🔍
Active APT Groups: 🔍

Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: Patch
Status: 🔍

Reaction Time: 🔒
0-Day Time: 🔒
Exposure Time: 🔒

Timelineinfo

07/08/2025 VulDB entry created
07/08/2025 +0 days Advisory disclosed
07/08/2025 +0 days Countermeasure disclosed
08/16/2025 +39 days VulDB entry last update

Sourcesinfo

Vendor: microsoft.com
Product: microsoft.com

Advisory: msrc.microsoft.com
Status: Confirmed

CVE: CVE-2025-48818 (🔒)
GCVE (CVE): GCVE-0-2025-48818
GCVE (VulDB): GCVE-100-315481
EUVD: 🔒
CERT Bund: WID-SEC-2025-1850 - Xerox FreeFlow Print Server: Mehrere Schwachstellen ermöglichen nicht spezifizierten Angriff

scip Labs: https://www.scip.ch/en/?labs.20161215

Entryinfo

Created: 07/08/2025 19:26
Updated: 08/16/2025 20:32
Changes: 07/08/2025 19:26 (27), 07/08/2025 19:27 (8), 07/08/2025 19:30 (34), 07/12/2025 13:58 (1), 08/16/2025 20:32 (7)
Complete: 🔍
Cache ID: 216::103

Several companies clearly confirm that VulDB is the primary source for best vulnerability data.

Discussion

No comments yet. Languages: en.

Please log in to comment.

◂ PreviousOverviewNext ▸

Want to know what is going to be exploited?

We predict KEV entries!