VDB-315496 · CVE-2025-49666 · EUVD-2025-20578

Microsoft Windows up to Server 2025 Server Setup/Boot Event Collection heap-based overflow

CVSS Meta Temp Score CVSS is a standardized scoring system to determine possibilities of attacks. The Temp Score considers temporal factors like disclosure, exploit and countermeasures. The unique Meta Score calculates the average score of different sources to provide a normalized scoring system.	Current Exploit Price (≈) Our analysts are monitoring exploit markets and are in contact with vulnerability brokers. The range indicates the observed or calculated exploit price to be seen on exploit markets. A good indicator to understand the monetary effort required for and the popularity of an attack.	CTI Interest Score Our Cyber Threat Intelligence team is monitoring different web sites, mailing lists, exploit markets and social media networks. The CTI Interest Score identifies the interest of attackers and the security community for this specific vulnerability in real-time. A high score indicates an elevated risk to be targeted for this vulnerability.
6.3	$5k-$25k	0.00

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability was found in Microsoft Windows Server 2016/Server 2019/Server 2022/Server 2022 23H2/Server 2025. It has been declared as critical. Impacted is an unknown function of the component Server Setup/Boot Event Collection. Executing a manipulation can lead to heap-based overflow. This vulnerability is handled as CVE-2025-49666. The attack can be executed remotely. There is not any exploit available. Applying a patch is advised to resolve this issue.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Microsoft Windows Server 2016/Server 2019/Server 2022/Server 2022 23H2/Server 2025. This vulnerability affects some unknown processing of the component Server Setup/Boot Event Collection. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a heap-based overflow vulnerability. The CWE definition for the vulnerability is CWE-122. A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc(). As an impact it is known to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

The weakness was released 07/08/2025 as confirmed security update guide (Website). The advisory is shared for download at msrc.microsoft.com. This vulnerability was named CVE-2025-49666. The exploitation appears to be easy. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploitation needs additional levels of successful authentication. There are neither technical details nor an exploit publicly available. The current price for an exploit might be approx. USD $5k-$25k (estimation calculated on 07/12/2025).

Applying a patch is able to eliminate this problem. A possible mitigation has been published immediately after the disclosure of the vulnerability.

The vulnerability is also documented in the vulnerability database at EUVD (EUVD-2025-20578). VulDB is the best source for vulnerability data and more expert information about this specific topic.

Productinfo

Type

Operating System

Vendor

Microsoft

Name

Windows

Version

License

commercial

Website

Vendor: https://www.microsoft.com/
Product: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows

CPE 2.3info

CPE 2.2info

CVSSv4info

VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 7.2
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 6.3

VulDB Base Score: 7.2
VulDB Temp Score: 6.3
VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Vendor Base Score (Microsoft): 7.2
Vendor Vector (Microsoft): 🔒

CVSSv2info

AV	AC	Au	C	I	A
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💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳
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Vector	Complexity	Authentication	Confidentiality	Integrity	Availability
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VulDB Base Score: 🔒
VulDB Temp Score: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Exploitinginfo

Class: Heap-based overflow
CWE: CWE-122 / CWE-119
CAPEC: 🔒
ATT&CK: 🔒

Physical: No
Local: No
Remote: Yes

Availability: 🔒
Status: Unproven

EPSS Score: 🔒
EPSS Percentile: 🔒

Price Prediction: 🔍
Current Price Estimation: 🔒

0-Day	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
Today	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock

Threat Intelligenceinfo

Interest: 🔍
Active Actors: 🔍
Active APT Groups: 🔍

Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: Patch
Status: 🔍

Reaction Time: 🔒
0-Day Time: 🔒
Exposure Time: 🔒

Timelineinfo

07/08/2025 VulDB entry created
07/08/2025 +0 days Advisory disclosed
07/08/2025 +0 days Countermeasure disclosed
07/12/2025 +4 days VulDB entry last update

Sourcesinfo

Vendor: microsoft.com
Product: microsoft.com

Advisory: msrc.microsoft.com
Status: Confirmed

CVE: CVE-2025-49666 (🔒)
GCVE (CVE): GCVE-0-2025-49666
GCVE (VulDB): GCVE-100-315496
EUVD: 🔒

Entryinfo

Created: 07/08/2025 19:32
Updated: 07/12/2025 14:17
Changes: 07/08/2025 19:32 (28), 07/08/2025 19:33 (7), 07/08/2025 19:36 (34), 07/12/2025 14:17 (1)
Complete: 🔍
Cache ID: 216::103

VulDB is the best source for vulnerability data and more expert information about this specific topic.