VDB-315508 · CVE-2025-49678 · EUVD-2025-20572

Microsoft Windows up to Server 2025 NTFS null pointer dereference

CVSS Meta Temp Score CVSS is a standardized scoring system to determine possibilities of attacks. The Temp Score considers temporal factors like disclosure, exploit and countermeasures. The unique Meta Score calculates the average score of different sources to provide a normalized scoring system.	Current Exploit Price (≈) Our analysts are monitoring exploit markets and are in contact with vulnerability brokers. The range indicates the observed or calculated exploit price to be seen on exploit markets. A good indicator to understand the monetary effort required for and the popularity of an attack.	CTI Interest Score Our Cyber Threat Intelligence team is monitoring different web sites, mailing lists, exploit markets and social media networks. The CTI Interest Score identifies the interest of attackers and the security community for this specific vulnerability in real-time. A high score indicates an elevated risk to be targeted for this vulnerability.
6.4	$0-$5k	0.00

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability was found in Microsoft Windows and classified as critical. The affected element is an unknown function of the component NTFS. Executing a manipulation can lead to null pointer dereference. This vulnerability appears as CVE-2025-49678. The attack requires local access. There is no available exploit. It is advisable to implement a patch to correct this issue.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability has been found in Microsoft Windows and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects an unknown code of the component NTFS. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a null pointer dereference vulnerability. The CWE definition for the vulnerability is CWE-476. A NULL pointer dereference occurs when the application dereferences a pointer that it expects to be valid, but is NULL, typically causing a crash or exit. As an impact it is known to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability. CVE summarizes:

Null pointer dereference in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

The weakness was presented 07/08/2025 as confirmed security update guide (Website). The advisory is shared for download at msrc.microsoft.com. This vulnerability was named CVE-2025-49678. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The attack needs to be approached locally. There are neither technical details nor an exploit publicly available. The current price for an exploit might be approx. USD $0-$5k (estimation calculated on 08/16/2025).

Applying a patch is able to eliminate this problem. A possible mitigation has been published immediately after the disclosure of the vulnerability.

The vulnerability is also documented in the databases at EUVD (EUVD-2025-20572) and CERT Bund (WID-SEC-2025-1850). Once again VulDB remains the best source for vulnerability data.

Affected

Xerox FreeFlow Print Server

Productinfo

Type

Operating System

Vendor

Microsoft

Name

Windows

Version

License

commercial

Website

Vendor: https://www.microsoft.com/
Product: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows

CPE 2.3info

CPE 2.2info

CVSSv4info

VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 7.0
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 6.4

VulDB Base Score: 7.0
VulDB Temp Score: 6.1
VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Vendor Base Score (Microsoft): 7.0
Vendor Vector (Microsoft): 🔒

CNA Base Score: 7.0
CNA Vector (Microsoft): 🔒

CVSSv2info

AV	AC	Au	C	I	A
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Vector	Complexity	Authentication	Confidentiality	Integrity	Availability
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VulDB Base Score: 🔒
VulDB Temp Score: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Exploitinginfo

Class: Null pointer dereference
CWE: CWE-476 / CWE-404
CAPEC: 🔒
ATT&CK: 🔒

Physical: Partially
Local: Yes
Remote: No

Availability: 🔒
Status: Unproven

EPSS Score: 🔒
EPSS Percentile: 🔒

Price Prediction: 🔍
Current Price Estimation: 🔒

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Threat Intelligenceinfo

Interest: 🔍
Active Actors: 🔍
Active APT Groups: 🔍

Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: Patch
Status: 🔍

Reaction Time: 🔒
0-Day Time: 🔒
Exposure Time: 🔒

Timelineinfo

07/08/2025 VulDB entry created
07/08/2025 +0 days Advisory disclosed
07/08/2025 +0 days Countermeasure disclosed
08/16/2025 +39 days VulDB entry last update