VDB-315539 · CVE-2025-49717 · EUVD-2025-20626

Microsoft SQL Server heap-based overflow

CVSS Meta Temp Score CVSS is a standardized scoring system to determine possibilities of attacks. The Temp Score considers temporal factors like disclosure, exploit and countermeasures. The unique Meta Score calculates the average score of different sources to provide a normalized scoring system.	Current Exploit Price (≈) Our analysts are monitoring exploit markets and are in contact with vulnerability brokers. The range indicates the observed or calculated exploit price to be seen on exploit markets. A good indicator to understand the monetary effort required for and the popularity of an attack.	CTI Interest Score Our Cyber Threat Intelligence team is monitoring different web sites, mailing lists, exploit markets and social media networks. The CTI Interest Score identifies the interest of attackers and the security community for this specific vulnerability in real-time. A high score indicates an elevated risk to be targeted for this vulnerability.
7.4	$5k-$25k	2.64

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability was found in Microsoft SQL Server. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing. The manipulation leads to heap-based overflow. This vulnerability is traded as CVE-2025-49717. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. There is no exploit available. To fix this issue, it is recommended to deploy a patch.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability was found in Microsoft SQL Server (version unknown). It has been rated as critical. This issue affects an unknown function. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a heap-based overflow vulnerability. Using CWE to declare the problem leads to CWE-122. A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc(). Impacted is confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

The weakness was shared 07/08/2025 as confirmed security update guide (Website). It is possible to read the advisory at msrc.microsoft.com. The identification of this vulnerability is CVE-2025-49717. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The attack may be initiated remotely. The technical details are unknown and an exploit is not publicly available. The pricing for an exploit might be around USD $5k-$25k at the moment (estimation calculated on 07/14/2025).

The vulnerability scanner Nessus provides a plugin with the ID 241544 (Security Updates for Microsoft SQL Server (July 2025)), which helps to determine the existence of the flaw in a target environment.

Applying a patch is able to eliminate this problem. A possible mitigation has been published immediately after the disclosure of the vulnerability.

The vulnerability is also documented in the databases at Tenable (241544), EUVD (EUVD-2025-20626) and CERT Bund (WID-SEC-2025-1493). Statistical analysis made it clear that VulDB provides the best quality for vulnerability data.

Affected

Microsoft SQL Server 2017
Microsoft SQL Server 2016
Microsoft SQL Server 2019
Microsoft SQL Server 2022

Productinfo

Type

Database Software

Vendor

Microsoft

Name

SQL Server

License

commercial

Website

Vendor: https://www.microsoft.com/

CPE 2.3info

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CPE 2.2info

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CVSSv4info

VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 8.5
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 7.4

VulDB Base Score: 8.5
VulDB Temp Score: 7.4
VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Vendor Base Score (Microsoft): 8.5
Vendor Vector (Microsoft): 🔒

CVSSv2info

AV	AC	Au	C	I	A
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Vector	Complexity	Authentication	Confidentiality	Integrity	Availability
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VulDB Base Score: 🔒
VulDB Temp Score: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Exploitinginfo

Class: Heap-based overflow
CWE: CWE-122 / CWE-119
CAPEC: 🔒
ATT&CK: 🔒

Physical: No
Local: No
Remote: Yes

Availability: 🔒
Status: Unproven

EPSS Score: 🔒
EPSS Percentile: 🔒

Price Prediction: 🔍
Current Price Estimation: 🔒

0-Day	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
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Nessus ID: 241544
Nessus Name: Security Updates for Microsoft SQL Server (July 2025)

Threat Intelligenceinfo

Interest: 🔍
Active Actors: 🔍
Active APT Groups: 🔍

Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: Patch
Status: 🔍

Reaction Time: 🔒
0-Day Time: 🔒
Exposure Time: 🔒

Timelineinfo

07/08/2025 VulDB entry created
07/08/2025 +0 days Advisory disclosed
07/08/2025 +0 days Countermeasure disclosed
07/14/2025 +6 days VulDB entry last update