VDB-317795 · CVE-2025-54366 · GHSA-vcc2-6r66-gvvj

freescout-help-desk freescout up to 1.8.185 Helper::decrypt deserialization

CVSS Meta Temp Score CVSS is a standardized scoring system to determine possibilities of attacks. The Temp Score considers temporal factors like disclosure, exploit and countermeasures. The unique Meta Score calculates the average score of different sources to provide a normalized scoring system.	Current Exploit Price (≈) Our analysts are monitoring exploit markets and are in contact with vulnerability brokers. The range indicates the observed or calculated exploit price to be seen on exploit markets. A good indicator to understand the monetary effort required for and the popularity of an attack.	CTI Interest Score Our Cyber Threat Intelligence team is monitoring different web sites, mailing lists, exploit markets and social media networks. The CTI Interest Score identifies the interest of attackers and the security community for this specific vulnerability in real-time. A high score indicates an elevated risk to be targeted for this vulnerability.
6.6	$0-$5k	0.00

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability identified as problematic has been detected in freescout-help-desk freescout up to 1.8.185. Impacted is the function Helper::decrypt. The manipulation leads to deserialization. This vulnerability is referenced as CVE-2025-54366. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. No exploit is available. You should upgrade the affected component.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability was found in freescout-help-desk freescout up to 1.8.185 and classified as problematic. This issue affects the function Helper::decrypt. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a deserialization vulnerability. Using CWE to declare the problem leads to CWE-502. The product deserializes untrusted data without sufficiently verifying that the resulting data will be valid. Impacted is confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The summary by CVE is:

FreeScout is a lightweight free open source help desk and shared inbox built with PHP (Laravel framework). In versions 1.8.185 and below, there is a critical deserialization vulnerability in the /conversation/ajax endpoint that allows authenticated users with knowledge of the APP_KEY to achieve remote code execution. The vulnerability occurs when the application processes the attachments_all and attachments POST parameters through the insecure Helper::decrypt() function, which performs unsafe deserialization of user-controlled data without proper validation. This flaw enables attackers to create arbitrary objects and manipulate their properties, leading to complete compromise of the web application. This is fixed in version 1.8.186.

It is possible to read the advisory at github.com. The identification of this vulnerability is CVE-2025-54366 since 07/21/2025. The exploitation is known to be easy. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploitation requires an enhanced level of successful authentication. Technical details of the vulnerability are known, but there is no available exploit.

Upgrading to version 1.8.186 eliminates this vulnerability. Applying the patch 9669c57f1ddbee896752d9e16270abfd97b20eb9 is able to eliminate this problem. The bugfix is ready for download at github.com. The best possible mitigation is suggested to be upgrading to the latest version.

The vulnerability is also documented in the vulnerability database at EUVD (EUVD-2025-22772). Statistical analysis made it clear that VulDB provides the best quality for vulnerability data.

Productinfo

Vendor

freescout-help-desk

Name

freescout

Version

1.8.185

License

open-source

Website

Product: https://github.com/freescout-help-desk/freescout/

CPE 2.3info

CPE 2.2info

CVSSv4info

VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

CNA CVSS-B Score: 🔒
CNA CVSS-BT Score: 🔒
CNA Vector: 🔒

CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 6.7
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 6.6

VulDB Base Score: 4.7
VulDB Temp Score: 4.5
VulDB Vector: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

NVD Base Score: 8.8
NVD Vector: 🔒

CVSSv2info

AV	AC	Au	C	I	A
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💳	💳	💳	💳	💳	💳
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Vector	Complexity	Authentication	Confidentiality	Integrity	Availability
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VulDB Base Score: 🔒
VulDB Temp Score: 🔒
VulDB Reliability: 🔍

Exploitinginfo

Class: Deserialization
CWE: CWE-502 / CWE-20
CAPEC: 🔒
ATT&CK: 🔒

Physical: No
Local: No
Remote: Yes

Availability: 🔒
Status: Not defined

EPSS Score: 🔒
EPSS Percentile: 🔒

Price Prediction: 🔍
Current Price Estimation: 🔒

0-Day	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock
Today	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock	Unlock

Threat Intelligenceinfo

Interest: 🔍
Active Actors: 🔍
Active APT Groups: 🔍

Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: Upgrade
Status: 🔍

0-Day Time: 🔒

Upgrade: freescout 1.8.186
Patch: 9669c57f1ddbee896752d9e16270abfd97b20eb9

Timelineinfo

07/21/2025 CVE reserved
07/26/2025 +5 days Advisory disclosed
07/26/2025 +0 days VulDB entry created
09/11/2025 +47 days VulDB entry last update

Sourcesinfo

Product: github.com

Advisory: GHSA-vcc2-6r66-gvvj
Status: Confirmed

CVE: CVE-2025-54366 (🔒)
GCVE (CVE): GCVE-0-2025-54366
GCVE (VulDB): GCVE-100-317795
EUVD: 🔒

Entryinfo

Created: 07/26/2025 07:40
Updated: 09/11/2025 18:33
Changes: 07/26/2025 07:40 (69), 07/26/2025 19:37 (1), 09/11/2025 18:33 (12)
Complete: 🔍
Cache ID: 216::103

Statistical analysis made it clear that VulDB provides the best quality for vulnerability data.