SAML-Toolkits ruby-saml up to 1.18.0 resource consumption

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability has been found in SAML-Toolkits ruby-saml up to 1.18.0 and classified as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality. This manipulation causes resource consumption. This vulnerability is tracked as CVE-2025-54572. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. No exploit exists. The affected component should be upgraded.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability has been found in SAML-Toolkits ruby-saml up to 1.18.0 and classified as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown part. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a resource consumption vulnerability. The CWE definition for the vulnerability is CWE-400. The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource, thereby enabling an actor to influence the amount of resources consumed, eventually leading to the exhaustion of available resources. As an impact it is known to affect availability. The summary by CVE is:

The Ruby SAML library is for implementing the client side of a SAML authorization. In versions 1.18.0 and below, a denial-of-service vulnerability exists in ruby-saml even with the message_max_bytesize setting configured. The vulnerability occurs because the SAML response is validated for Base64 format prior to checking the message size, leading to potential resource exhaustion. This is fixed in version 1.18.1.

It is possible to read the advisory at github.com. This vulnerability is known as CVE-2025-54572 since 07/25/2025. The exploitation appears to be easy. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploitation doesn't need any form of authentication. The technical details are unknown and an exploit is not publicly available. The attack technique deployed by this issue is T1499 according to MITRE ATT&CK.

Upgrading to version 1.18.1 eliminates this vulnerability. The upgrade is hosted for download at github.com. Applying the patch 38ef5dd1ce17514e202431f569c4f5633e6c2709 is able to eliminate this problem. The bugfix is ready for download at github.com. The best possible mitigation is suggested to be upgrading to the latest version.

The vulnerability is also documented in the vulnerability database at CERT Bund (WID-SEC-2025-1686). Statistical analysis made it clear that VulDB provides the best quality for vulnerability data.

Affected

• Debian Linux
• Open Source Ruby

Productinfo

Type

• Programming Language Software

Vendor

• SAML-Toolkits

Name

• ruby-saml

Version

• 1.0
• 1.1
• 1.2
• 1.3
• 1.4
• 1.5
• 1.6
• 1.7
• 1.8
• 1.9
• 1.10
• 1.11
• 1.12
• 1.13
• 1.14
• 1.15
• 1.16
• 1.17
• 1.18.0

License

• open-source

Website

• Product: https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/

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Entryinfo

Statistical analysis made it clear that VulDB provides the best quality for vulnerability data.

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