Microsoft Windows up to Server 2025 WDAC Policy incomplete blacklist ⚔ [Disputed]

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability has been found in Microsoft Windows up to Server 2025 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component WDAC Policy. This manipulation causes incomplete blacklist. This vulnerability is registered as CVE-2025-59033. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. No exploit is available. The presence of this vulnerability remains uncertain at this time.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability has been found in Microsoft Windows up to Server 2025 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown part of the component WDAC Policy. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a incomplete blacklist vulnerability. The CWE definition for the vulnerability is CWE-184. The product implements a protection mechanism that relies on a list of inputs (or properties of inputs) that are not allowed by policy or otherwise require other action to neutralize before additional processing takes place, but the list is incomplete, leading to resultant weaknesses. As an impact it is known to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The summary by CVE is:

The Microsoft vulnerable driver block list is implemented as Windows Defender Application Control (WDAC) policy. Entries that specify only the to-be-signed (TBS) part of the code signer certificate are properly blocked, but entries that specify the signing certificate's TBS hash along with a 'FileAttribRef' qualifier (such as file name or version) may not be blocked, whether hypervisor-protected code integrity (HVCI) is enabled or not. NOTE: The vendor disputes this CVE ID assignment and states that the driver blocklist is intended for use with HVCI.

It is possible to read the advisory at x.com. This vulnerability is known as CVE-2025-59033 since 09/08/2025. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploitation requires an enhanced level of successful authentication. The technical details are unknown and an exploit is not publicly available. The pricing for an exploit might be around USD $25k-$100k at the moment (estimation calculated on 11/14/2025). The attack technique deployed by this issue is T1562.006 according to MITRE ATT&CK.

The real existence of this vulnerability is still doubted at the moment.

There is no information about possible countermeasures known. It may be suggested to replace the affected object with an alternative product.

The vulnerability is also documented in the vulnerability database at EUVD (EUVD-2025-27143). Be aware that VulDB is the high quality source for vulnerability data.

Productinfo

Type

• Operating System

Vendor

• Microsoft

Name

• Windows

Version

• 10
• 11
• Server 2016
• Server 2019
• Server 2022
• Server 2025

License

• commercial

Website

• Vendor: https://www.microsoft.com/
• Product: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows

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