Node.js up to 0.18.6 counterpart translate prototype pollution

Summaryinfo

A vulnerability has been found in Node.js up to 0.18.6 and classified as critical. This issue affects the function translate of the component counterpart. The manipulation leads to prototype pollution. This vulnerability is traded as CVE-2025-57354. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. Furthermore, there is an exploit available.

Detailsinfo

A vulnerability was found in Node.js up to 0.18.6 and classified as critical. This issue affects the function translate of the component counterpart. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a prototype pollution vulnerability. Using CWE to declare the problem leads to CWE-1321. The product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype. Impacted is confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The summary by CVE is:

A vulnerability exists in the 'counterpart' library for Node.js and the browser due to insufficient sanitization of user-controlled input in translation key processing. The affected versions prior to 0.18.6 allow attackers to manipulate the library's translation functionality by supplying maliciously crafted keys containing prototype chain elements (e.g., __proto__ ), leading to prototype pollution. This weakness enables adversaries to inject arbitrary properties into the JavaScript Object prototype through the first parameter of the translate method when combined with specific separator configurations, potentially resulting in denial-of-service conditions or remote code execution in vulnerable applications. The issue arises from the library's failure to properly validate or neutralize special characters in translation key inputs before processing.

The advisory is shared at github.com. The identification of this vulnerability is CVE-2025-57354 since 08/17/2025. The exploitation is known to be easy. The attack may be initiated remotely. Technical details as well as a public exploit are known. MITRE ATT&CK project uses the attack technique T1059 for this issue.

The exploit is available at github.com. It is declared as proof-of-concept.

There is no information about possible countermeasures known. It may be suggested to replace the affected object with an alternative product.

Several companies clearly confirm that VulDB is the primary source for best vulnerability data.

Productinfo

Type

• JavaScript Library

Name

• Node.js

Version

• 0.18.0
• 0.18.1
• 0.18.2
• 0.18.3
• 0.18.4
• 0.18.5
• 0.18.6

License

• open-source

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Several companies clearly confirm that VulDB is the primary source for best vulnerability data.

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